{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T03:28:22Z","timestamp":1782962902372,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":152,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]],"date-time":"2024-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715817600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"EEA","award":["33\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["33\/2021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the world\u2019s most prominent cause of mortality, continue to be challenging conditions for patients, physicians, and researchers alike. CVDs comprise a wide range of illnesses affecting the heart, blood vessels, and the blood that flows through and between them. Advances in nanomedicine, a discipline focused on improving patient outcomes through revolutionary treatments, imaging agents, and ex vivo diagnostics, have created enthusiasm for overcoming limitations in CVDs\u2019 therapeutic and diagnostic landscapes. Nanomedicine can be involved in clinical purposes for CVD through the augmentation of cardiac or heart-related biomaterials, which can be functionally, mechanically, immunologically, and electrically improved by incorporating nanomaterials; vasculature applications, which involve systemically injected nanotherapeutics and imaging nanodiagnostics, nano-enabled biomaterials, or tissue-nanoengineered solutions; and enhancement of sensitivity and\/or specificity of ex vivo diagnostic devices for patient samples. Therefore, this review discusses the latest studies based on applying organic nanoparticles in cardiovascular illness, including drug-conjugated polymers, lipid nanoparticles, and micelles. Following the revised information, it can be concluded that organic nanoparticles may be the most appropriate type of treatment for cardiovascular diseases due to their biocompatibility and capacity to integrate various drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym16101421","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]],"date-time":"2024-05-17T04:26:29Z","timestamp":1715919989000},"page":"1421","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Organic Nanoparticles in Progressing Cardiovascular Disease Treatment and Diagnosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Alexandru Scafa","family":"Udri\u0219te","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department 4 Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra Cristina","family":"Burdu\u0219el","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8968-504X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adelina-Gabriela","family":"Niculescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Research Institute of the University of Bucharest\u2014ICUB, University of Bucharest, 050657 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marius","family":"R\u0103dulescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu St., 011061 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4810-2992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul C\u0103t\u0103lin","family":"Balaure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organic Chemistry, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu St., 011061 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3036-094X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandru Mihai","family":"Grumezescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Research Institute of the University of Bucharest\u2014ICUB, University of Bucharest, 050657 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2019.3891","article-title":"Association of Cardiovascular Disease With Premature Mortality in the United States","volume":"4","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"e9349","article-title":"Global epidemiology of ischemic heart disease: Results from the global burden of disease study","volume":"12","author":"Khan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, L., Li, Q., Han, X., Wang, S., Li, P., Ding, Y., Zhang, T., Zhao, J., Chen, Y., and Liu, J. 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