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Given this emerging problem, the discovery of novel natural-type inhibitors of drug-resistant bacteria has become imperative. Brucine, present in the traditional Chinese herb Strychnine semen, is reported to exert analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Brucine\u2019s clinical application was limited because of its water solubility. We extracted high-purity BS by employing reflux extraction and crystallization, greatly improved its solubility, and evaluated its antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. Importantly, we found that BS inhibited the drug-resistant strains significantly better than standard strains and achieved sterilization by disrupting the bacterial cell wall. Considering the safety concerns associated with the narrow therapeutic window of BS, a 3D BS-PLLA\/PGA bone scaffold system was constructed with SLS technology and tested for its performance, bacteriostatic behaviors, and biocompatibility. The results have shown that the drug-loaded bone scaffolds had not only long-term, slow-controlled release with good cytocompatibility but also demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity in antimicrobial testing. The above results indicated that BS may be a potential drug candidate for the treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections and that scaffolds with enhanced antibacterial activity and mechanical properties may have potential applications in bone tissue engineering.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym16101428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]],"date-time":"2024-05-17T09:10:22Z","timestamp":1715937022000},"page":"1428","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Brucine Sulfate, a Novel Bacteriostatic Agent in 3D Printed Bone Scaffold Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jinying","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shi","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0400-2110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pei","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China"},{"name":"Changde First Chinese Medicine Hospital, Changde 415000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zihan","family":"Pei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiaxuan","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kun","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiong","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-020-01704-9","article-title":"Mitochondria transfer enhances proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell and promotes bone defect healing","volume":"11","author":"Guo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. 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