{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T00:55:29Z","timestamp":1780534529217,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,29]],"date-time":"2024-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["U2037201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2037201"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2020YFB1505500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFB1505500"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2020YFB1505502"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFB1505502"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["U2037201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2037201"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2020YFB1505500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFB1505500"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2020YFB1505502"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFB1505502"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The viscosity and viscoelasticity of polyelectrolyte solutions with a single electrostatic interaction have been carefully studied experimentally and theoretically. Despite some theoretical models describe experimental results well, the influence of multiple interactions (electrostatic and hydrophobic) on rheological scaling is not yet fully resolved. Herein, we systematically study the microstructures and rheological properties of short-side-chain perfluorosulfonic acid (S-PFSA), the most promising candidate of a proton exchange membrane composed of a hydrophobic backbone with hydrophilic side-chains, in water\/2-propanol. Small-angle X-ray scattering confirms that semiflexible S-PFSA colloidal particles with a length of ~38 nm and a diameter of 1\u20131.3 nm are formed, and the concentration dependence of the correlation length (\u03be) obeys the power law \u03be~c\u22120.5 consistent with the prediction of Dobrynin et al. By combining macrorheology with diffusing wave spectroscopy microrheology, the semidilute unentangled, semidilute entangled, and concentrated regimes corresponding to the scaling relationships \u03b7sp~c0.5, \u03b7sp~c1.5, and \u03b7sp~c4.1 are determined. The linear viscoelasticity indicates that the entanglement concentration (ce) obtained from the dependence of \u03b7sp on the polymer concentration is underestimated owing to hydrophobic interaction. The true entanglement concentration (cte) is obtained by extrapolating the plateau modulus (Ge) to the terminal modulus (Gt). Furthermore, Ge and the plateau width, \u03c4r\/\u03c4e (\u03c4r and \u03c4e denote reptation time and Rouse time), scale as Ge~c2.4 and \u03c4r\/\u03c4e~c4.2, suggesting that S-PFSA dispersions behave like neutral polymer solutions in the concentrated regime. This work provides mechanistic insight into the rheological behavior of an S-PFSA dispersion, enabling quantitative control over the flow properties in the process of solution coating.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym16131863","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T04:53:27Z","timestamp":1719809607000},"page":"1863","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Microstructures and Rheological Properties of Short-Side-Chain Perfluorosulfonic Acid in Water\/2-Propanol"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4184-0893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Qiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7082-381X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinyang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sijun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/0079-6700(89)90018-X","article-title":"Polyelectrolyte complexes\u2014Recent developments and open problems","volume":"14","author":"Philipp","year":"1989","journal-title":"Prog. 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