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FACILITIES","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23\/2021\/EDU"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23\/2021\/EDU"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The study presented herein concerns the mechanical properties of two common polymers for potential biomedical applications, PLA and PETG, processed through fused filament fabrication (FFF)\u2014Material Extrusion (ME). For the uniaxial tension tests carried out, two printing orientations\u2014XY (Horizontal, H) and YZ (Vertical, V)\u2014were considered according to the general principles for part positioning, coordinates, and orientation typically used in additive manufacturing (AM). In addition, six specimens were tested for each printing orientation and material, providing insights into mechanical properties such as Tensile Strength, Young\u2019s Modulus, and Ultimate Strain, suggesting the materials\u2019 potential for biomedical applications. The experimental results were then compared with correspondent mechanical properties obtained from the literature for other polymers like ASA, PC, PP, ULTEM 9085, Copolyester, and Nylon. Thereafter, fatigue resistance curves (S-N curves) for PLA and PETG, printed along 45\u00b0, were determined at room temperature for a load ratio, R, of 0.2. Scanning electron microscope observations revealed fibre arrangements, compression\/adhesion between layers, and fracture zones, shedding light on the failure mechanisms involved in the fatigue crack propagation of such materials and giving design reference values for future applications. In addition, fractographic analyses of the fatigue fracture surfaces were carried out, as well as X-ray Computed Tomography (XCT) and Thermogravimetric (TGA)\/Differential Scanning Calorimetric (DSC) tests.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym16131868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T04:53:27Z","timestamp":1719809607000},"page":"1868","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured Polymeric Materials\u2014PLA and PETG\u2014For Biomechanical Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8155-0079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui F.","family":"Martins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UNIDEMI, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Nova School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado de Sistemas Inteligentes, LASI, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2471-1125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Branco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, CEMMPRE, ARISE, University of Coimbra, Rua Lu\u00eds Reis Santos, Pinhal de Marrocos, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNIDEMI, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Nova School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9079-8877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"Macek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Gda\u0144sk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11\/12, 80-233 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7071-4488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zbigniew","family":"Marciniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanics and Machine Design, Opole University of Technology, Miko\u0142ajczyka 5, 45-271 Opole, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3931-8206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, CDRSP, Polytechnic of Leiria, Rua de Portugal, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal"},{"name":"CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1495 Cruz Quebrada Dafundo, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3621-7095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Trindade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, CDRSP, Polytechnic of Leiria, Rua de Portugal, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal"},{"name":"Applied Research Institute, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Rua da Miseric\u00f3rdia, Lagar dos Corti\u00e7os, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Research Institute, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Rua da Miseric\u00f3rdia, Lagar dos Corti\u00e7os, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Centre for Natural Resources Environment and Society, CERNAS, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9659-7646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margarida","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, CDRSP, Polytechnic of Leiria, Rua de Portugal, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0012-4380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e2ndida","family":"Mal\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, CDRSP, Polytechnic of Leiria, Rua de Portugal, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, ISEC, Rua Pedro Nunes, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u00d6zkaya, N., Leger, D., Goldsheyder, D., and Nordin, M. 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