{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T22:06:06Z","timestamp":1788386766229,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Education for Northern Ireland"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study describes the physicochemical characterisation of interpenetrating hydrogel networks (IHNs) composed of either poly(hydroxyethylmethacrylate, p(HEMA)) or poly(methacrylic acid, p(MAA)), and Pluronic block copolymers (grades F127, P123 and L121). IHNs were prepared by mixing the acrylate monomer with Pluronic block copolymers followed by free radical polymerisation. p(HEMA)\u2013Pluronic blends were immiscible, evident from a lack of interaction between the two components (Raman spectroscopy) and the presence of the glass transitions (differential scanning calorimetry, DSC) of the two components. Conversely, IHNs of p(MAA) and each Pluronic were miscible, displaying a single glass transition and secondary bonding between the carbonyl group of p(MAA) and the ether groups in the Pluronic block copolymers (Raman and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy). The effect of storage of the IHNs in Tris buffer on the physical state of each Pluronic and on the loss of Pluronic from the IHNs were studied using DSC and gravimetric analysis, respectively. Pluronic loss from the IHNs was dependent on the grade of Pluronic, time of immersion in Tris buffer, and the nature of the IHN (p(HEMA) or p(MAA)). At equilibrium, the loss was greater from p(HEMA) than from p(MAA) IHNs, whereas increasing ratio of poly(propylene oxide) to poly(ethylene oxide) decreased Pluronic loss. The retention of each Pluronic grade was shown to be primarily due to its micellization; however, hydrogen bonding between Pluronic and p(MAA) (but not p(HEMA)) IHNs contributed to their retention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym16192796","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,2]],"date-time":"2024-10-02T03:57:08Z","timestamp":1727841428000},"page":"2796","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Spectroscopic and Thermal Characterisation of Interpenetrating Hydrogel Networks (IHNs) Based on Polymethacrylates and Pluronics, and Their Physicochemical Stability under Aqueous Conditions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4224-9173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David S.","family":"Jones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Queen\u2019s University of Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Westwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Queen\u2019s University of Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Queen\u2019s University of Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gavin P.","family":"Andrews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Queen\u2019s University of Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-024-02786-x","article-title":"A Comprehensive Review of Hydrogel-Based Drug Delivery Systems: Classification, Properties, Recent Trends, and Applications","volume":"25","author":"Hameed","year":"2024","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bashir, S., Hina, M., Iqbal, J., Rajpar, A.H., Mujtaba, M.A., Alghamdi, N.A., Wageh, S., Ramesh, K., and Ramesh, S. 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