{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:11:01Z","timestamp":1792789861080,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The SUNRISE project","award":["958243"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["958243"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) is a specialty polymer primarily used as an interlayer in laminated glass applications with no current circularity plan after the end of its life. This study presents a comprehensive recycling strategy for postconsumed PVB wastes based on a remelting\u2013restabilization approach. Thermo-oxidative degradation of PVB was analyzed under heat and shear stress conditions in an internal mixer apparatus. The degradation mechanism of plasticized PVB (p-PVB) and unplasticized PVB (u-PVB) was identified as chain scission through melt flow rate (MFR), intrinsic viscosity (IV), and yellowness index (YI) characterization. Six different antioxidant (AO) formulations were screened for their effectiveness in inhibiting degradation in both neat u-PVB and p-PVB, as well as retrieved PVB. The phenolic antioxidants 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene and 4-[[4,6-bis(octylsulfanyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol were found to be the most effective ones based on MFR, oxidation onset temperature (OOT), and YI evaluations, while the optimal AO concentration was determined at 0.3% w\/w. Furthermore, upscaling of the process was achieved by mixing virgin PVB and high-quality retrieved PVB wastes with AOs in a twin-screw extruder. Testing of the recycled samples confirmed that the selected AOs offered resilience against degradation at reprocessing and protection during the next service life of the material.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym17030317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T05:24:31Z","timestamp":1737696271000},"page":"317","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Closed-Loop Recycling of Poly(vinyl butyral) Interlayer Film via Restabilization Technology"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Vasilis","family":"Nikitakos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Zographou Campus, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5194-4480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Athanasios D.","family":"Porfyris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Zographou Campus, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Beltsios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Materials Science & Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Zographou Campus, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rudolf","family":"Pfaendner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF, Division Plastics, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Yecora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LUREDERRA Technological Centre, Perguita Industrial Area, 31210 Los Arcos, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelica","family":"Perez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LUREDERRA Technological Centre, Perguita Industrial Area, 31210 Los Arcos, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filip","family":"Brki\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bio-mi Dru\u0161tvo s Ograni\u010denom Odgovorno\u0161\u0107u za Proizvodnju, Istra\u017eivanje i Razvoj, Put Brdo, 51211 Matulji, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filip","family":"Miketa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bio-mi Dru\u0161tvo s Ograni\u010denom Odgovorno\u0161\u0107u za Proizvodnju, Istra\u017eivanje i Razvoj, Put Brdo, 51211 Matulji, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3901-0041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Constantine D.","family":"Papaspyrides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Zographou Campus, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Olabisi, O., and Adewale, K. 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