{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T06:19:47Z","timestamp":1792131587940,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,26]],"date-time":"2025-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2023ME118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2023ME118"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Wearable electronic devices have shown great application prospects in the fields of tactile sensing, electronic skin, and soft robots. However, the existing wearable electronic devices face limitations such as power supply challenges, lack of portability, and discomfort, which restrict their applications. The invention of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) with dual functions of energy harvesting and sensing provides an innovative solution to address these issues. This study prepared a highly stretchable conductive hydrogel using doped conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as a strain sensor, demonstrating high sensitivity (GF = 4.31), an ultra-wide sensing range (0\u20131690%), ultra-fast response speed (0.15 s), excellent durability, and repeatability. A high-performance triboelectric nanogenerator was constructed using the hydrogel as an electrode, achieving an output performance of up to 192 V. Furthermore, the TENG fixed in the hands, wrists, legs, and feet of the human body can be used as a wearable electronic device to monitor human motion, which is conducive to promoting the development of triboelectric nanogenerators based on conductive hydrogels in strain sensors and self-powered wearable devices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym17030342","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]],"date-time":"2025-01-27T07:46:29Z","timestamp":1737963989000},"page":"342","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Highly Stretchable Conductive Hydrogel-Based Flexible Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Ultrasensitive Tactile Sensing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Shan","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"},{"name":"Technology Inspection Center of Shengli Oilfield, China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation, Dongying 257000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weibin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technology Inspection Center of Shengli Oilfield, China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation, Dongying 257000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7349-1520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technology Inspection Center of Shengli Oilfield, China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation, Dongying 257000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3835-2517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianguo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kangshuai","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety, College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety, College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety, College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9238-4176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongzhi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety, College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2312","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c10241","article-title":"Strain-insensitive outdoor wearable electronics by thermally robust nanofibrous radiative cooler","volume":"18","author":"Jung","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1902532","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201902532","article-title":"Recent advances in 1D stretchable electrodes and devices for textile and wearable electronics: Materials, fabrications, and applications","volume":"32","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. 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