{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T09:37:29Z","timestamp":1788514649990,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Chemistry (PPGQuim), Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o (UFMA), S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds, MA, Brazil","award":["PVCET3179-2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PVCET3179-2022"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Chemistry (PPGQuim), Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o (UFMA), S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds, MA, Brazil","award":["465357\/2014-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["465357\/2014-8"]}]},{"name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)","award":["PVCET3179-2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PVCET3179-2022"]}]},{"name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)","award":["465357\/2014-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["465357\/2014-8"]}]},{"name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","award":["PVCET3179-2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PVCET3179-2022"]}]},{"name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","award":["465357\/2014-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["465357\/2014-8"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania amazonensis is a significant public health issue. This study aimed to evaluate an ecofriendly, thermosensitive nanogel, developed using a low-energy, solvent-free method, incorporating F127 and Carbopol 974P copolymers, and enriched with Pectis brevipedunculata essential oil (EOPb) for its leishmanicidal and anti-inflammatory properties. The nanogel was prepared and characterized through FTIR, DLS, SEM, and AFM to confirm the incorporation of EOPb as well as its stability and rheological properties. In vitro leishmanicidal activity was evaluated on Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes, and in vivo anti-inflammatory effects were assessed using a rat paw edema model. In vitro, nGF3 (EOPb-loaded nanogel) demonstrated significant leishmanicidal activity, with promastigote mortality rates exceeding 80% at 24 h and 90% at 48 h. In vivo, nGF1, nGF2, and nGF3 exhibited anti-inflammatory effects, with nGF2 and nGF3 reducing edema by 62.7% at 2 h post-treatment. The empty nanogel (nGF0) showed minimal anti-inflammatory activity. The ecofriendly EOPb-loaded nanogel (nGF3) demonstrated strong leishmanicidal and anti-inflammatory effects, presenting a promising candidate for cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment. Further studies are necessary to explore its clinical potential.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym17030379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T05:40:46Z","timestamp":1738215646000},"page":"379","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Nanotechnological Formulation Incorporating Pectis brevipedunculata (Asteraceae) Essential Oil: An Ecofriendly Approach for Leishmanicidal and Anti-Inflammatory Therapy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Estela Mesquita","family":"Marques","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o (UFMA), S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65080-805, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2761-6346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas George","family":"Santos Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o (UFMA), S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65080-805, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8210-2016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciana Magalh\u00e3es","family":"Rebelo Alencar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biophysics and Nanosystems, Department of Physics, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65080-805, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3081-1968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erick Rafael","family":"Dias Rates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biophysics and Nanosystems, Department of Physics, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65080-805, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3684-3061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel Melo","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o (UFMA), S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65080-805, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7073-8308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael Cardoso","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o (UFMA), S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65080-805, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gl\u00e9cilla Colombelli","family":"de Souza Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Nucleus in Pharmaceutical Sciences Program, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1 87020-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6717-6022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele St\u00e9fanie","family":"Sara Lopes Lera-Nonose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maring\u00e1 (UEM), Maring\u00e1 87020-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6151-3768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Julia Schiavon","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maring\u00e1 (UEM), Maring\u00e1 87020-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2185-4163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Valdrinez Campana","family":"Lonardoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maring\u00e1 (UEM), Maring\u00e1 87020-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa Pires","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus 69080-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0153-822X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanoel Vila\u00e7a","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus 69080-900, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus 69080-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2701-6101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renato 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