{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T05:45:32Z","timestamp":1784871932738,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korea Institute of Marine Science &amp; Technology Promotion (KIMST)","award":["2023-00254781"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-00254781"]}]},{"name":"Korea Institute of Marine Science &amp; Technology Promotion (KIMST)","award":["RS-2024-00345266"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00345266"]}]},{"name":"Basic Science research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)","award":["2023-00254781"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-00254781"]}]},{"name":"Basic Science research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)","award":["RS-2024-00345266"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00345266"]}]},{"name":"Jeonbuk National University\u2019s Department of BK innovation","award":["2023-00254781"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-00254781"]}]},{"name":"Jeonbuk National University\u2019s Department of BK innovation","award":["RS-2024-00345266"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00345266"]}]},{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","award":["2023-00254781"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-00254781"]}]},{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","award":["RS-2024-00345266"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00345266"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Through the application of advanced membrane modification strategies, high-performance membranes have been developed to effectively remove organic contaminants such as toluene and xylene from wastewater. These membranes demonstrate superior antifouling resistance and long-term operational stability, offering a competitive advantage for semiconductor wastewater treatment. This study introduces a novel approach to membrane fabrication using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), recognized for its cost-effectiveness and distinct antifouling properties in contaminant removal. To enhance the performance of the membrane, the solvent (DMA, DMF, NMP) that dissolves PVDF and the immersion time (30 min, 60 min, 90 min) at which phase separation occurs were identified. Additionally, the membranes were treated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) through multiple dip coatings to enhance their hydrophilicity before a comparative analysis was conducted. The resulting optimized membranes demonstrated high emulsion fluxes (4412 Lm\u22122h\u22121bar\u22121 for toluene) and achieved oil-removal efficiencies exceeding 90% when tested with various organic solvents, including toluene, cyclohexane, xylene, benzene, and chloroform. The resulting optimized membranes prove to be a reliable means of producing clean water and of efficiently separating organic contaminants from wastewater. Showcasing remarkable antifouling capabilities and suitability for repeated use without significant efficiency loss, this solution effectively addresses cost and fouling challenges, presenting it as a sustainable and efficient wastewater treatment method for the semiconductor industry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym17101332","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T08:44:58Z","timestamp":1747212298000},"page":"1332","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Fabrication of PVDF Membranes with a PVA Layer for the Effective Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds in Semiconductor Wastewater"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Youngmin","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Carbon Composites Convergence Materials Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changwoo","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carbon Composites Convergence Materials Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2023.139570","article-title":"A review of semiconductor wastewater treatment processes: Current status, challenges, and future trends","volume":"429","author":"Sim","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. 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