{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T23:50:29Z","timestamp":1780357829262,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences","award":["N090\/0018\/23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N090\/0018\/23"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The world economy is struggling with the increasing pollution of the natural environment with non-biodegradable synthetic polymers produced from petroleum products. This fact has prompted research on the use of natural renewable polymers. Starch is one of the polymers that has already been used as an additive to synthetic polymers; however, its use is associated with a problem arising from the incompatibility of hydrophilic starch with hydrophobic synthetic polymers. For these reasons, other authors have not used more than 20% of the starch component in synthetic materials. In this work, a research hypothesis was put forward that the starch content can be increased in the polymer material. Pre-extrusion was used before the final material molding process. Pre-extrusion improved the phase dispersion of the synthetic polymer blended with starch. To produce the molds, the polyamide and starch blends were subjected to the processes of extrusion, milling, and pressing. The molded samples containing polyamide and starch were obtained with a starch component content of 50, 70, and 90%. The obtained homogeneous material was determined in terms of its water resistance and mechanical properties. The test results showed that increasing the starch content in the produced material, increased its susceptibility to water, and worsened its strength properties. However, these negative effects were not as large as expected, and in some cases were even statistically insignificant. The addition of 70% of the starch component allowed for the production of a composite material with satisfactory mechanical properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym17111517","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T06:25:04Z","timestamp":1748499904000},"page":"1517","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Selected Properties of a TPS\/PA12 Composite Material Produced in a Two-Stage Method"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9124-5385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewa","family":"Tomaszewska-Ciosk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Storage and Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 25 Norwida Street, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7288-6280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewa","family":"Zdybel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Storage and Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 25 Norwida Street, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2540-8259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Kapelko-\u017beberska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Storage and Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 25 Norwida Street, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3226-1120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beata","family":"Anwajler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Energy Conversion Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego Street, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1002\/pat.5067","article-title":"New cyanopyridine-based \u03c0-conjugative poly(azomethine)s: Synthesis, characterization and electroluminescence studies","volume":"32","author":"Pilicode","year":"2021","journal-title":"Polym. 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