{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T21:59:31Z","timestamp":1785880771149,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ISIS@MACH ITALIA Research Infrastructure, the hub of ISIS Neutron and Muon Source (UK)","award":["MUR official registry U. 0008642.28-05-2020 \u2013 16th April 2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MUR official registry U. 0008642.28-05-2020 \u2013 16th April 2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigates the combined use of electron beam irradiation (EBI) and nanotechnology to develop improved food packaging films. EBI, commonly applied for sterilization, can alter polymer microstructure, while irradiated cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) offer enhanced functionality when incorporated into biopolymer matrices. Here, CNCs were irradiated with doses up to 50 kGy, leading to the formation of carboxyl and aldehyde groups, confirmed by FTIR analysis, as a consequence of the initial formation of free radicals and peroxides that may subsist in that original form or be converted into various carbonyl groups. Flexible films were obtained by incorporating pristine and EB-irradiated CNCs in an internal mixer, using minute amounts of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) to facilitate the dispersion of the filler within the polymer matrix. The resulting PLA\/PEO\/CNC films were evaluated for their mechanical, thermal, barrier, and antioxidant properties. The results showed that structural modifications of CNCs led to significant enhancements in the performance of the composite films, including a 30% improvement in water barrier properties and a 50% increase in antioxidant activity. These findings underscore the potential of irradiated CNCs as effective additives in biopolymer-based active packaging, offering a sustainable approach to reduce dependence on synthetic preservatives and potentially extend the shelf life of food products.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym17141939","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T15:01:05Z","timestamp":1752591665000},"page":"1939","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effect of Irradiated Nanocellulose on Enhancing the Functionality of Polylactic Acid-Based Composite Films for Packaging Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1212-8602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"Improta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials\u2014CNR, P.le E. Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5978-460X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariamelia","family":"Stanzione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials\u2014CNR, P.le E. Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Orlo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials\u2014CNR, P.le E. Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7027-294X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabiana","family":"Tescione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials\u2014CNR, P.le E. Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4705-4378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marino","family":"Lavorgna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials\u2014CNR, P.le E. 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