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However, challenges remain in the recovery process, particularly in removing residual oil and minimizing degradation of the polymer structure during extraction steps. This study investigated the effects of ethanol-based defatting on the recovery and polymeric properties of P(3HB-co-3HH). The proposed method involves the addition of ethanol to the cell broth to effectively remove residual oil. Ethanol improved the separation of microbial cells from the broth, thereby streamlining the downstream recovery process. Using ethanol in the washing step increased the recovery yield and purity to 95.7% and 83.4%, respectively (compared to 87.4% and 76.2% for distilled water washing), representing improvements of 8.3% and 7.2%. Ethanol washing also resulted in a 19% higher molecular weight compared to water washing, indicating reduced polymer degradation. In terms of physical properties, the elongation at break showed a significant difference: 241.9 \u00b1 27.0% with ethanol washing compared to water (177.7 \u00b1 10.3%), indicating ethanol washing retains flexibility. Overall, an ethanol washing step for defatting could simplify the recovery steps, increase yield and purity, and retain mechanical properties, especially for P(3HB-co-3HH) from oils.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym17152058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T09:53:02Z","timestamp":1753696382000},"page":"2058","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Retainment of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) Properties from Oil-Fermented Cupriavidus necator Using Additional Ethanol-Based Defatting Process"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Tae-Rim","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Materials Program, Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Green Circulation R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan 31056, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaeun","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Materials Program, Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yebin","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Materials Program, Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7899-2271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jong-Min","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Green Circulation R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan 31056, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7688-6069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shashi Kant","family":"Bhatia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Materials Program, Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun June","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Duksung Women\u2019s University, Seoul 10370, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5393-7057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeong Chan","family":"Joo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hee Taek","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7400-8775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeong-Jun","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Green Circulation R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan 31056, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yung-Hun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Materials Program, Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-7799(98)01194-9","article-title":"Bacterial and Other Biological Systems for Polyester Production","volume":"16","year":"1998","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/s004490050345","article-title":"A Process for the Recovery of Poly (Hydroxyalkanoates) from Pseudomonads Part 1: Solubilization","volume":"17","author":"Witholt","year":"1997","journal-title":"Bioprocess Eng."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2189","DOI":"10.1007\/s11368-023-03479-x","article-title":"Dry\u2013Wet Cycle Changes the Influence of Microplastics (MPs) on the Antioxidant Activity of Lettuce and the 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