{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T17:51:54Z","timestamp":1790704314480,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Kocaeli University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit","award":["FAA-2025-4401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FAA-2025-4401"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study quantifies how pressurized water-immersion aging degrades the tribological response of cross-ply E-glass\/polyester laminates by coupling dual-mode testing with surface metrology and factorial ANOVA. Eleven-ply [0\/90]s plates were aged at 10 bar for 0, 7, 14, and 21 days, gaining 10% mass (72.2 to 79.4 g), then tested under 20 N in ball-on-disc (50\u2013100 mm s\u22121; 100\u2013200 m) and reciprocating modes (1\u20132 Hz; 10\u201320 m). In ball-on-disc tests, steady-state COF rose from 0.40 to 0.47 (unaged) to 0.49 to 0.52 (14\u201321 days), and the low-friction run-in largely vanished with aging. Wear scar width and depth increased from 1.38 to 1.90 mm and 75 to 117 \u00b5m, respectively. Reciprocating tests showed a non-monotonic trend: moderate aging lowered COF to 0.50, whereas 21 days produced the harshest response (up to 0.78) and the widest\/deepest scars (1.15 to 1.95 mm; 40 to 110 \u00b5m). ANOVA revealed that, in ball-on-disc tests, the COF was governed by sliding distance (28.70%) and speed (24.64%), with a strong Days \u00d7 Speed interaction (31.66%); track-depth variance was dominated by distance (42.16%) and aging (32.16%). For the COF under reciprocating tests, aging was the leading main effect (21.21%), with large Days \u00d7 Frequency (20.36%) and Days \u00d7 Track (20.03%) interactions. Uniquely, this study isolates the effect of controlled hydrostatic aging (10 bar) and compares two sliding kinematics under identical loads, establishing quantitative thresholds (14 and 21 days) where interfacial debonding and third-body abrasion accelerate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym17182503","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T11:00:00Z","timestamp":1758106800000},"page":"2503","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Tribological Response of Glass Fiber\/Polyester Composites After Pressurized Water-Immersion Aging Assessed by Reciprocating and Ball-on-Disc Wear Testing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4385-4981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sinan","family":"Fidan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Airframe & Powerplant Maintenance, Faculty of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41001, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3889-6909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f","family":"\u00dcrg\u00fcn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Aviation Electrics and Electronics, Faculty of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41001, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6777-4818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet \u0130skender","family":"\u00d6zsoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Sakarya University, Sakarya 54050, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0921-418X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mustafa \u00d6zg\u00fcr","family":"Bora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Airframe & Powerplant Maintenance, Faculty of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41001, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erman","family":"G\u00fcle\u00e7","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otokar Automotive Defense Industry Corp., Sakarya 54580, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1007\/s40430-023-04310-x","article-title":"Investigation on quasi-static compression of circular CFRP tubes: Effect of EPP foam filling","volume":"45","author":"Yaren","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. 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