{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T13:07:15Z","timestamp":1790600835984,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003069","name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":[": 2025-0637, 2025-0652, 2025-0352, 2025-0250, 2025-4746 and COFAA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":[": 2025-0637, 2025-0652, 2025-0352, 2025-0250, 2025-4746 and COFAA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are complex to heal and can lead to amputations and high healthcare costs. To address this, a promising alternative is the creation of electrospun fiber scaffolds for wound dressings. This study fabricated these scaffolds using a blend of natural polymers\u2014chitosan (CTS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and hyaluronic acid (HA)\u2014along with antibacterial silver (Ag) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. The researchers conducted comprehensive analyses, including physicochemical, morphological, and biological assessments. The Ag structures showed potential as microbicidal agent, while the ZnO nanoparticles demonstrated photoactivity and the ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) for antibacterial action. The resulting PVA-CTS-HA-Ag-ZnO scaffolds were found to be both hemocompatible and non-hemolytic, meaning they are safe for use with blood. The cytotoxicity evaluation using the ISO 10993-5 standard showed that the incorporation of CTS and HA decreased cytotoxicity of pure PVA, obtaining non-cytotoxic scaffolds (viability &gt; 70%). Electrospun scaffolds composed with Ag-ZnO NPs in 50-50 and 70-30 ratios also maintained this biocompatibility, while the 30-70 ratio (Ag-ZnO) showed a cytotoxic effect, suggesting a ZnO concentration-dependent effect. These findings confirm that these materials are suitable for supporting skin cell regeneration, having a high potential for use as interactive dressings for treating chronic wounds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym17223001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T14:28:59Z","timestamp":1762871339000},"page":"3001","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Electrospun PVA-CTS-HA Wound Dressings with Ag-ZnO Nanoparticles for Diabetic Foot Ulcers Treatment: Physicochemical Properties, Hemocompatibility, and Cell Viability"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Karina","family":"Santiago-Castillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New Materials Department, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, CICATA-Altamira, Altamira, Altamira 89600, Tamaulipas, Mexico"},{"name":"Materials Department, Universidad del Noreste, Prol. Av. Hidalgo 6315, Tampico 89337, Tamaulipas, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8907-2275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aid\u00e9 Minerva","family":"Torres-Huerta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanostructured Materials Department, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingenier\u00eda Hidalgo, San Agust\u00edn Tlaxiaca 42162, Hidalgo, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5979-0017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9. Manuel","family":"Cervantes-Uc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomaterials Department, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica de Yucat\u00e1n, M\u00e9rida 97205, Yucat\u00e1n, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7204-6786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adela Eugenia","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technological Innovation, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, CICATA Quer\u00e9taro, Santiago de Quer\u00e9taro 76090, Quer\u00e9taro, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9942-4628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia Beatriz","family":"Brachetti-Sibaja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tecnol\u00f3gico Nacional de M\u00e9xico, Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico de Cd. Madero, Ciudad Madero 89440, Tamaulipas, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9ctor Javier","family":"Dorantes-Rosales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metallurgical Department, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Escuela Superior de Ingenier\u00eda Qu\u00edmica e Indusrtrias Extractivas, Mexico City 07738, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1876-6189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Facundo Joaqu\u00edn","family":"M\u00e1rquez-Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanostructured Materials Department, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingenier\u00eda Hidalgo, San Agust\u00edn Tlaxiaca 42162, Hidalgo, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel Antonio","family":"Dom\u00ednguez-Crespo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanostructured Materials Department, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingenier\u00eda Hidalgo, San Agust\u00edn Tlaxiaca 42162, Hidalgo, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2024.08.007","article-title":"Glycemic management in diabetic foot ulcers: A comparative analysis of wound and wound-free periods in adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes","volume":"48","author":"Bhat","year":"2024","journal-title":"Can. 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