{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T23:42:02Z","timestamp":1790034122697,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vehicle crush boxes are one of the safety elements used in vehicles to minimize damage that may occur during an accident. The task of crush boxes is to absorb the energy which is generated during an accident. In this study, peak force, energy absorption and specific energy absorption values of cylindrical composite crush boxes, to which 0.25% and 0.50% graphene was added, were experimentally investigated with hydrothermal aging. The composite crush boxes were produced with vacuum infusion method. Glass, aramid and carbon fibers and their hybridizations were used as fibers. During hybridization, the winding order of the fibers was changed from inside to outside. The parameters for hydrothermal aging were selected as 500 h and 1000 h at 60 \u00b0C. The highest energy absorption value was obtained in the carbon fiber-reinforced sample CFRPG1H2 with 0.25% graphene-added epoxy resin matrix, aged for 1000 h. The lowest peak strength was observed in the aramid fiber-reinforced sample AFRPG2H2 with 0.50% graphene-added epoxy resin matrix, hydrothermally aged for 1000 h. It was observed that increasing the graphene addition rate reduced the negative effects on aging. It was determined that increasing the graphene ratio by 0.25% had an effect on aging.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym18020249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T14:46:33Z","timestamp":1768574793000},"page":"249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Effects of Artificial Hydrothermal Aging on Crush Boxes Made from Glass, Carbon and Aramid Fiber-Reinforced Hybrid Composites"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Baran","family":"Erkek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Van Vocational School, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van 65080, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2307-9669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc","family":"Adin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Besiri OSB Vocational School, Batman University, Batman 72060, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ertan","family":"Kosedag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van 65080, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3639-0752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateusz","family":"Bronis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Machine Design and Machining, Kielce University of Technology, 25314 Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2455-967X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamit","family":"Adin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Batman University, Batman 72100, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12349","DOI":"10.1002\/pc.28640","article-title":"Hybridization effect on energy absorption capacity of composite crash boxes","volume":"45","author":"Erkek","year":"2024","journal-title":"Polym. 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