{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T15:13:27Z","timestamp":1791558807192,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the state program of the \u00abSirius\u00bb Federal Territory \u00abScientific and technological development of the \u00abSirius\u00bb Federal Territory\u00bb","award":["18-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18-03"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Spinal cord injury (SCI) remains a major clinical challenge due to the limited regenerative capacity of the central nervous system (CNS). Effective scaffolds for repair must combine mechanical compatibility with host tissue, controlled degradation matching the time course of regeneration, and microarchitectural features that promote neuronal survival. Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds mimic the structural and mechanical features of the extracellular matrix, providing critical cues for neuronal adhesion and glial modulation in neural regeneration. Here, we fabricated biodegradable poly(lactic acid)\/poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) (PLA\/PCL) scaffolds using a dichloromethane\/tetrahydrofuran (DCM\/THF) solvent system to induce surface porosity via solvent-driven phase separation. The DCM\/THF solvent system formulation produced nanofibers with porous surfaces and increased area for cell interaction. PLA\/PCL scaffolds showed a Young\u2019s modulus of ~26 MPa and sustained degradation, particularly under oxidative conditions simulating the post-injury microenvironment. In vitro, these scaffolds enhanced neuronal density up to fivefold and maintained ~80% viability over 10 days in primary neuron\u2013glia cultures. Morphometric analysis revealed that DCM\/THF-based scaffolds supported astrocytes with preserved process complexity and reduced circularity, indicative of a less reactive morphology. In contrast, scaffolds fabricated with 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) displayed reduced bioactivity and promoted morphological features associated with astrocyte reactivity, including cell rounding and process retraction. These findings demonstrate that solvent-driven control of scaffold microarchitecture is a powerful strategy to enhance neuronal integration and modulate glial morphology, positioning DCM\/THF-processed PLA\/PCL scaffolds as a promising platform for CNS tissue engineering.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym18020294","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T14:58:40Z","timestamp":1769180320000},"page":"294","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Polylactide\/Polycaprolactone Nanofiber Scaffold Enhances Primary Cortical Neuron Growth"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9999-4176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeriia S.","family":"Shtol","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1, Olympic Ave., 354340 Sochi, Russia"},{"name":"Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3171-815X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anastasiia D.","family":"Tsareva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1, Olympic Ave., 354340 Sochi, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirill A.","family":"Arsentiev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1, Olympic Ave., 354340 Sochi, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5393-3571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophia P.","family":"Konovalova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1, Olympic Ave., 354340 Sochi, Russia"},{"name":"Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suanda A.","family":"Tlimahova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1, Olympic Ave., 354340 Sochi, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dmitry V.","family":"Klinov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1, Olympic Ave., 354340 Sochi, Russia"},{"name":"Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, 119435 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5905-2652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitri A.","family":"Ivanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1, Olympic Ave., 354340 Sochi, Russia"},{"name":"Institut de Science des Mat\u00e9riaux de Mulhouse (CNRS UMR 7361), F-68057 Mulhouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavel E.","family":"Musienko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1, Olympic Ave., 354340 Sochi, Russia"},{"name":"Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia"},{"name":"Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, 20, Kulakova Str., 123592 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Profire, L., and Constantin, S.M. 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