{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T19:02:55Z","timestamp":1791831775445,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Resin-based dental composites are widely used in restorative dentistry; however, concerns persist regarding their potential release of Bisphenol-A (BPA), a compound with recognized endocrine-disrupting activity. This in vitro study evaluated the time-dependent release of BPA from four contemporary resin-based dental filling composites immersed in artificial saliva under different thermal conditions. Disk-shaped specimens (5.5 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness) of Estelite Sigma Quick, Clearfil Majesty ES-2, Omnichroma Flow, and Luna 2 were incubated in artificial saliva at physiological pH (6.8) at 37 \u00b0C and 44 \u00b0C. BPA concentrations were quantified after 1, 7, and 28 days using a validated UHPLC\u2013MS\/MS method. BPA release was observed for all materials except Luna 2, for which it remained below the limit of quantification (LOQ) at all time points and temperatures. Across all BPA-releasing composites, the highest concentrations were observed after 1 day of immersion, particularly at 44 \u00b0C. Estelite Sigma Quick exhibited the highest BPA release, followed by Clearfil Majesty ES-2 and Omnichroma Flow. BPA release decreased progressively over time for all materials. Statistical analysis confirmed significant effects of material type, temperature, and exposure duration on BPA release (p &lt; 0.001). Within the limitations of this in vitro study, BPA release appears to be material-dependent and influenced by thermal conditions and immersion time. Although absolute BPA concentrations were low, these findings highlight the importance of material-specific evaluation and continued monitoring of potential sources of cumulative BPA exposure from restorative dental materials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym18060707","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T13:32:07Z","timestamp":1773667927000},"page":"707","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Bisphenol-A Release from Modern Resin-Based Dental Composites: A Time-Dependent In Vitro Assessment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7636-4211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelo","family":"Aliberti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8677-8619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabiana","family":"Di Duca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6348-6642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mirko","family":"Piscopo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7683-5133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pietro","family":"Ausiello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Ausiello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1387-7303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfonso","family":"Acerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3529-1819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucia","family":"Grumetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. 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