{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T11:38:06Z","timestamp":1785411486144,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020247","name":"University of Bisha","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020247","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/040548g92","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Confining a phase-change material (PCM) within a polymer shell yields leak-proof, mechanically robust latent-heat storage media, but selecting a shell chemistry and polymerization route requires balancing competing targets: latent-heat storage density (\u0394H, the melting enthalpy per unit capsule mass), core loading content (LC), capsule diameter (d), and a melting temperature (Tm) matched to the application. Because the literature characterizes each method\u2013shell\u2013core combination in isolation, these structure\u2013property relationships cannot be compared quantitatively across studies. We present a proof-of-concept, data-driven framework linking shell and process descriptors to encapsulation performance. From a curated dataset of 90 micro- and nano-encapsulated PCM records (53 with measured \u0394H) spanning 11 encapsulation routes and eight shell material families, Random Forest (RF) and Gaussian Process (GP) surrogates predict \u0394H, and a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) optimizes \u0394H, LC, and d over the continuous (Tm, LC) space for every method\u2013shell\u2013core trio with at least three records (n = 11). Benchmarked against mean, linear-LC, and physics-informed baselines under repeated cross-validation, the surrogates match but do not exceed the elementary baselines (median R2 \u2248 0.33), a result we report honestly given the modest sample size. The Mat\u00e9rn GP provides borderline-calibrated uncertainty, supporting a robust, extrapolation-penalizing NSGA-II. Hypervolume rankings place emulsion polymerization, sol\u2013gel silica, and in situ polymerization as the top-performing methods under both nominal and robust criteria. Presented as a methodology demonstration rather than a definitive ranking, the framework, with full code and data, is a reusable approach for structure\u2013property quantification of polymer-encapsulated PCMs as experimental data accumulate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym18141777","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T08:14:27Z","timestamp":1784621667000},"page":"1777","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Structure\u2013Property Screening Framework for Polymer Shell Encapsulation of Phase-Change Materials: Random Forest and Bayesian Gaussian Process Surrogates with Multi-Objective Optimization of Polymerization Routes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2611-9854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faris","family":"Alqurashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Bisha, P.O. Box 551, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8837-9865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammed Anaz","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Bisha, P.O. Box 551, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2016.04.006","article-title":"Phase change materials (PCM) for cooling applications in buildings: A review","volume":"129","author":"Souayfane","year":"2016","journal-title":"Energy Build."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2018.08.159","article-title":"Laboratory assessment of residential building walls containing pipe-encapsulated phase change materials for thermal management","volume":"163","author":"Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hamad, G.B., Younsi, Z., Naji, H., and Sala\u00fcn, F. (2021). 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