{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:14:02Z","timestamp":1792790042969,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan","award":["BR 24993113"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BR 24993113"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05tyne317","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["BR 24993113"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BR 24993113"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05tyne317","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigates the effectiveness of using an interpolymer complex based on a synthetic polycation\u2014Metacid (polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride) and a natural biopolymer\u2014chitosan for anti-erosion soil structuring in the Maktaaral district of the Turkestan region. Using the conical plastometry method, the critical concentration of structure formation in the soil suspension was determined to be 67.5%; for subsequent studies, the solid phase content was taken to be 70%. Rheological studies have revealed a pronounced synergistic effect of the combined use of Metacid and chitosan. If the initial soil\u2013water system is characterized by low elastic moduli (E1, E2 ~ 104 Pa), then the introduction of the \u201cMetacid\u2013chitosan\u201d interpolymer complex leads to a sharp strengthening of the structure: The values of E1 and E2 increase to 3.26\u00b7106\u20137.49\u00b7106 Pa and 1.04\u00b7106\u20131.46\u00b7106 Pa, respectively. The mechanical stability limit increases by more than twofold, reaching 2000\u20132500 Pa. Analysis of the \u03b6-potential and electrical conductivity showed that the Metacid ensures a high positive charge of the complex (+21.76 \u2026 28.69 mV), and chitosan acts as a spatial matrix. Experiments in a wind tunnel have confirmed that the \u201cMetacid\u2013chitosan\u201d formulation, at an optimal concentration of 0.4%, provides effective protection of soil aggregates against wind erosion. The results obtained open up new prospects for using ecologically balanced interpolymer complexes to stabilize arable lands.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym18182265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T08:03:17Z","timestamp":1789632197000},"page":"2265","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Synergistic Structuring and Stabilization of Arid Agro-Soils via a Binary Metacid\u2013Chitosan Interpolymer Complex"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4280-0300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moldir","family":"Kerimkulova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical, Colloid Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave., 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3677-8685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aitugan","family":"Sabitov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical, Colloid Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave., 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan"},{"name":"Institute of Natural Sciences, Kazakh National Women\u2019s Teacher Training University, Gogol Str., 114, K. 1, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan"},{"name":"Institute of Combustion Problems, Bogenbay Batyr 172, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Kuanyshbek","family":"Musabekov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical, Colloid Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave., 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Gulmira","family":"Issenova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Testing Center for Phytosanitary Laboratory Analysis, Kazakh Research Institute of Plant Protection and Quarantine, Kultobe Str., 1, Almaty 050070, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Orynkul","family":"Yessimova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical, Colloid Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave., 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Nurai","family":"Nurlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical, Colloid Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave., 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0927-4975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karagoz","family":"Seilkhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical, Colloid Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave., 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Didar","family":"Kapantaikyzy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Science, International IT University, Manas 34\/1, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Z., Yang, X., and Cai, H. 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