{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:14:03Z","timestamp":1792790043015,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Commercial Aero-Engine Industry\u2013University Joint Innovation Program","award":["SFCXY202604"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFCXY202604"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of China","award":["2021YFA1401100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFA1401100"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02kv4zf79","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of China","award":["2024YFB4609200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFB4609200"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02kv4zf79","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of China","award":["2024ZD0706101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024ZD0706101"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02kv4zf79","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52488301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52488301"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["52488301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52488301"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"\u2018Talent Program\u2019 of Henan Academy of Sciences","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00hy87220","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00hy87220","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) is extensively utilized in aerospace, transportation, and particularly in the rapidly evolving low-altitude economy sector represented by unmanned aerial vehicles and electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft. However, laser drilling of CFRP presents significant challenges, especially in processing deep micro-holes, due to pronounced thermal effects and hole taper. In this study, a picosecond fiber laser beam was directed into a spiral scanning machining head to establish a precision micro-hole machining system. A two-step machining strategy assisted by high-pressure compressed air was proposed: the first step employs full spiral scanning for efficient through-hole drilling, while the second step utilizes half spiral scanning to form near-zero taper circular holes. The through-hole generated in the first step facilitates the passage of high-pressure assist gas, effectively removing ablation debris and providing cooling to the inner wall. Circular holes with a diameter of 400 \u03bcm and an aspect ratio of 5:1 were successfully fabricated on CFRP with high efficiency. Both the hole entrance\/exit and the inner wall exhibited excellent quality: the heat-affected zone width at the entrance was 8.1 \u03bcm, with a taper as low as 0.0045. The inner wall was extremely smooth, featuring an average roughness of 0.379 \u03bcm. The fibers and resin remained tightly bonded, and the material structure at the fiber ends was well preserved. The system demonstrated high processing efficiency and excellent consistency in fabricating deep micro-hole arrays, indicating strong potential for industrial applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym18192325","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T08:06:37Z","timestamp":1790237197000},"page":"2325","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["High-Quality Deep Micro-Holes with Near-Zero Taper Efficiently Processed in CFRP Using a Picosecond Fiber Laser"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Kang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jichao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basic Science Center Project of Light Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Institute of Laser Manufacturing, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaowei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basic Science Center Project of Light Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Institute of Laser Manufacturing, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengqi","family":"Suo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China"},{"name":"Basic Science Center Project of Light Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Institute of Laser Manufacturing, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingyang","family":"Xin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basic Science Center Project of Light Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Institute of Laser Manufacturing, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3272-6482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donghai","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianqing","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basic Science Center Project of Light Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Institute of Laser Manufacturing, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenrong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongxing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China"},{"name":"Micius Laboratory, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtcomm.2026.115267","article-title":"Laser Drilling of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymers: Processing and Intelligent Optimization\u2014A Review","volume":"53","author":"Luo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Mater. 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