{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:13:54Z","timestamp":1792790034747,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Specialized Intelligent Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory","award":["PT2025KJS002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PT2025KJS002"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03v61g875","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Shan-dong Province Higher Education Institutions Marine Vessel Special Motor Key Technology De-velopment and Component Manufacturing University-Enterprise Collaborative Innovation Center","award":["PT2025KJS005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PT2025KJS005"]}]},{"name":"New Energy Vehicle Intelligent Network Technology Shandong Province Higher Education Institutions Future Industry Engineering Research Centre","award":["PT2025KJS003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PT2025KJS003"]}]},{"name":"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia","award":["TAP-K022557"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TAP-K022557"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00bw8d226","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["TAP-K022557"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TAP-K022557"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00bw8d226","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Silicon is a promising anode for solid-state lithium batteries because of its high theoretical capacity, but large lithiation-induced volume changes and unstable electrode\/electrolyte contact remain major challenges. Here, a contact-adaptive solid-state silicon (Si) architecture is developed by coupling an electrostatically assembled silicon\/reduced graphene oxide (Si@rGO) nanosheet anode with a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)\u2013lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI)\u2013ethylene carbonate (EC) electrolyte reinforced with 10 wt% Ta-doped Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 (LLZTO), hereafter denoted PEC-T. Trace EC promotes Li-salt solvation and PEO plasticization, while LLZTO suppresses polymer crystallization and reinforces ion transport. PEC-T shows a reduced melting temperature from 66.7 to 51.4 \u00b0C, improved tensile strength and elongation, an ionic conductivity of 3.0 \u00d7 10\u22124 S cm\u22121 at 30 \u00b0C, a Li+ transference number of 0.57, and an oxidative stability limit of ~4.5 V. It also supports stable Li plating\/stripping for 600 h at 0.1 mA cm\u22122. Meanwhile, the rGO framework mitigates irreversible Si thickness evolution and preserves interfacial integrity. Consequently, Si@rGO\/PEC-T\/Li batteries deliver strong rate capability and maintain 1.8 Ah g\u22121 after 250 cycles at 1 C, demonstrating a coupled chemo-mechanical strategy for stable solid-state silicon batteries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym18192374","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T12:09:25Z","timestamp":1790683765000},"page":"2374","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Graphene-Confined Silicon and a Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12-Reinforced Plasticized Poly(ethylene oxide) Electrolyte Enable Contact-Stable Solid-State Lithium Batteries"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0115-803X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xianzheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong Huayu University of Technology, Dezhou 253034, China"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9084-1564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nashrah Hani","family":"Jamadon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong Huayu University of Technology, Dezhou 253034, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Wenbo","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong Huayu University of Technology, Dezhou 253034, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2958-2223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rongji","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Liancheng","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1413-3133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenhua","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong Huayu University of Technology, Dezhou 253034, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Dongpo","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong Huayu University of Technology, Dezhou 253034, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2025.146114","article-title":"Dynamics interaction in highly stretchable EGMEA-g-ENR-LiTFSI systems: Insights from molecular interactions via real time Raman and DFT analysis","volume":"527","author":"Chai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Electrochim. 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