{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T18:00:28Z","timestamp":1777399228838,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,25]],"date-time":"2020-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603584000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Processes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The activated sludge respiration inhibition test and the luminescent bacteria test with Vibrio fischeri are important bacterial test systems for evaluation of the toxicity of chemical compounds. These test systems were further optimized to result in better handling, reliability and sensitivity. Concerning the Vibrio fischeri test, media components such as yeast extract and bivalent cation concentrations like Ca2+ and Mg2+ were optimized. The cultivation, storage conditions and reactivation process of the stored bacteria were also improved, which enabled simpler handling and led to good reproducibility. Additionally, the respiration inhibition test with a prolonged incubation time was further analyzed using different chlorinated phenols as reference compounds. It could be stated that a longer incubation period significantly improved the sensitivity of the test system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pr8111349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]],"date-time":"2020-10-26T03:51:47Z","timestamp":1603684307000},"page":"1349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Bacterial Toxicity Testing: Modification and Evaluation of the Luminescent Bacteria Test and the Respiration Inhibition Test"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2223-6167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Uwe","family":"Strotmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Westf\u00e4lische Hochschule, University of Applied Sciences, August-Schmidt-Ring 10, 45665 Recklinghausen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Pastor Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Westf\u00e4lische Hochschule, University of Applied Sciences, August-Schmidt-Ring 10, 45665 Recklinghausen, Germany"},{"name":"KBI Biopharma BVBA, Technologielaan 8, 3001 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Odorico","family":"Konrad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Bioreactors, Univates University, Rua Avelino Tallini, 171, 95900 Lajeado\/RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cornelia","family":"Gendig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Westf\u00e4lische Hochschule, University of Applied Sciences, August-Schmidt-Ring 10, 45665 Recklinghausen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(03)00111-5","article-title":"Evaluation and further development of the activated sludge respiration inhibition test","volume":"52","author":"Gendig","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2006.03.021","article-title":"Inhibition of nitrification in laboratory tests and model wastewater treatment plants","volume":"65","author":"Pagga","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1006\/eesa.1995.1030","article-title":"The toxicity of substituted phenols in the nitrification inhibition test and the luminescent bacteria test","volume":"30","author":"Strotmann","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. 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