{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T04:29:54Z","timestamp":1772252994649,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]],"date-time":"2021-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Proteomes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Defective complement activation has been associated with various types of kidney disease. This led to the hypothesis that specific urine complement fragments may be associated with kidney disease etiologies, and disease progression may be reflected by changes in these complement fragments. We investigated the occurrence of complement fragments in urine, their association with kidney function and disease etiology in 16,027 subjects, using mass spectrometry based peptidomics data from the Human Urinary Proteome\/Peptidome Database. Twenty-three different urinary peptides originating from complement proteins C3, C4 and factor B (CFB) could be identified. Most C3-derived peptides showed inverse association with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), while the majority of peptides derived from CFB demonstrated positive association with eGFR. Several peptides derived from the complement proteins C3, C4 and CFB were found significantly associated with specific kidney disease etiologies. These peptides may depict disease-specific complement activation and could serve as non-invasive biomarkers to support development of complement interventions through assessing complement activity for patients\u2019 stratification and monitoring of drug impact. Further investigation of these complement peptides may provide additional insight into disease pathophysiology and could possibly guide therapeutic decisions, especially when targeting complement factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/proteomes9040049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]],"date-time":"2021-12-14T01:22:05Z","timestamp":1639444925000},"page":"49","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Molecular Mapping of Urinary Complement Peptides in Kidney Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1600-6581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ralph","family":"Wendt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Kuratorium for Dialysis and Transplantation (KfH) Renal Unit, Hospital St. Georg, 04129 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1407-2534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justyna","family":"Siwy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mosaiques Diagnostics GmbH, 30659 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tianlin","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mosaiques Diagnostics GmbH, 30659 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Latosinska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mosaiques Diagnostics GmbH, 30659 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4053-1474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thorsten","family":"Wiech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephropathology Section, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6149-2411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter F.","family":"Zipfel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Infection Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Researach and Infection Biology, 07745 Jena, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5531-2111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aggeliki","family":"Tserga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Department of Biotechnology, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonia","family":"Vlahou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Department of Biotechnology, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5761-2911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harald","family":"Rupprecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Klinikum Bayreuth GmbH, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9933-8364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Catanese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Klinikum Bayreuth GmbH, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0323-0306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harald","family":"Mischak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mosaiques Diagnostics GmbH, 30659 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Beige","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Kuratorium for Dialysis and Transplantation (KfH) Renal Unit, Hospital St. Georg, 04129 Leipzig, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine II, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2000027","DOI":"10.1002\/prca.202000027","article-title":"Value of Urine Peptides in Assessing Kidney and Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"15","author":"Latosinska","year":"2021","journal-title":"PROTEOMICS\u2013Clin. 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