{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T17:06:28Z","timestamp":1768410388864,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,29]],"date-time":"2025-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Clinical Significance: Brenner tumors are rare epithelial tumors that can occur in both males and females. They consist of ovarian transition cells surrounded by dense fibrous tissue and can be classified as benign, borderline, or malignant. While most commonly found in the ovary, extraovarian Brenner tumors (EOBTs) have been reported in the uterus, vagina, broad ligament, and omentum. Case Presentation: A 71-year-old postmenopausal woman presented with a polypous formation on the upper third of the posterior vaginal wall, which was found at a routine health check. Macroscopically, the lesion appeared as a solid, polypoid mass with a yellowish-gray cut surface, measuring approximately 25 \u00d7 20 mm. Histological examination revealed a polypoid formation covered by stratified squamous epithelium, with a dense fibrous stroma (Van Gieson [VG]+) and tubular structures lined by clear epithelial cells. Parenchymal cells showed low proliferative activity, with Ki-67 expression in less than 5% of cells, also Cytokeratin (CK) 7\/+\/p63:\/+\/ CK AE1\/AE3: \/+\/ Estrogen Receptor (ER): \/+\/ and Progesterone Receptor (PR)\/\u2212\/; CK20\/-\/; p53\/\u2212\/, Wilms\u2019 Tumor (WT)-1\/\u2212\/; Prostate-Specific Acid Phosphatase (PSAP)\/\u2212\/. The final diagnosis was an extraovarian Brenner tumor. The patient was monitored for two months post-excision, with no signs of recurrence. Conclusions: EOBTs are extremely rarely seen and vaginal involvement is far less common. Due to their rarity, these tumors may be confused with other benign or malignant vaginal lesions. In order to differentiate EOBTs from other neoplasms, histological analysis is crucial due to their characteristic transitional-type epithelium and large fibrous stroma. Further studies are required to understand the origin and clinical behavior of EOBTs. Long-term monitoring should be performed to look for any recurrence or malignant change, even though benign Brenner tumors usually have a good prognosis. Awareness of EOBTs and their possible locations is essential for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/reports8030103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T03:54:28Z","timestamp":1751255668000},"page":"103","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Extraovarian Brenner Tumor in the Vagina: A Case Report and Review of Literature"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7719-382X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angel","family":"Yordanov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Medical University Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7205-3548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milen","family":"Karaivanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Clinical Pathology, University Hospital \u201cDr. Georgi Stranski\u201d, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5279-3095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stoyan","family":"Kostov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecology, St. Anna University Hospital, Medical University-Varna \u201cProf. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov\u201d, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria"},{"name":"Research Institute, Medical University Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vanya","family":"Savova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Medical University Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vasilena","family":"Dimitrova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Medical University Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"150","article-title":"Ds oophoroma folliculare","volume":"1","author":"Brenner","year":"1907","journal-title":"Frankf. Z. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s13000-019-0906-1","article-title":"Extraovarian Brenner tumor in the uterus: A case report and review of literature","volume":"15","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diagn. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1950.tb06052.x","article-title":"Extra-ovarian brenner tumour","volume":"57","author":"Robinson","year":"1950","journal-title":"J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Br. Emp."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197610)38:4<1741::AID-CNCR2820380448>3.0.CO;2-F","article-title":"Brenner tumor of the uterus","volume":"38","author":"Arhelger","year":"1976","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"191","article-title":"Extraovarian brenner tumor. Case report and review","volume":"229","author":"Wagner","year":"1980","journal-title":"Arch. Gynecol. Obstet."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"255","article-title":"Brenner tumor of the vagina","volume":"3","author":"Chen","year":"1981","journal-title":"Diagn. Gynecol. Obstet."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1159\/000293153","article-title":"Extraovarian Brenner Tumor Coexisting with Serous Cystadenoma. Case report","volume":"31","author":"Pschera","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gynecol. Obstet. Investig."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"844","article-title":"Extraovarian Brenner tumor","volume":"79","author":"Hampton","year":"1992","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.48.7.678","article-title":"Brenner tumour of the vagina","volume":"48","author":"Rashid","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1097\/00004347-199801000-00014","article-title":"Brenner Tumor of the Vagina","volume":"17","author":"Munichor","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int. J. Gynecol. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1097\/00004347-200201000-00017","article-title":"Polypoid Brenner Tumor of the Uterus","volume":"21","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. Gynecol. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1097\/PGP.0b013e3182590ae8","article-title":"Vaginal Brenner Tumor","volume":"32","author":"Benharroch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Gynecol. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1186\/s12957-017-1135-2","article-title":"A peculiar case report of extraovarian Brenner tumor arising in the omentum","volume":"15","author":"Hwang","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J. Surg. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"89","article-title":"Vaginal Brenner tumor with literature review: Does this tumour originate from Walthard nests?","volume":"39","author":"Park","year":"2017","journal-title":"Malays. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"1","article-title":"A case of a vaginal Brenner tumor without a gland mimicking a borderline tumor: Unusual morphology and diagnostic pitfalls","volume":"48","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Int. Med. Res."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"45","article-title":"Ekstraovarial\u2019naia zlo-kachestvennaia opukhol\u2019 Brennera [Extraovarian malignant Brenner tumor]","volume":"66","author":"Chekanov","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arkhiv Patol."}],"container-title":["Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2571-841X\/8\/3\/103\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:01:15Z","timestamp":1760032875000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2571-841X\/8\/3\/103"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,29]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["reports8030103"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/reports8030103","relation":{},"ISSN":["2571-841X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2571-841X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,29]]}}}