{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T17:44:54Z","timestamp":1790876694630,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Clinical Significance: Ischemic optic neuropathies (IONs) are significant causes of vision loss resulting from compromised blood flow to the optic nerve. Diabetes mellitus (DM) exacerbates the risk of IONs through chronic hyperglycemia and associated vascular dysfunction. Recently, semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, has been linked to ocular complications, including non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), potentially due to the rapid glycemic changes or vascular effects. Case Presentation: A 55-year-old female with type 2 DM, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia presented with blurred vision and optic disc edema after four months of semaglutide therapy (Ozempic\u00ae, Sydney, Australia). Initially diagnosed with diabetic papillopathy (DP), her condition progressed to NAION, leading to partial visual recovery with corticosteroid treatment and improved glycemic management. Diagnostic evaluations, including visual field testing, optical coherence tomography, and fluorescein angiography, supported the diagnosis. Conclusions: This case report describes the clinical course of a diabetic patient treated with a semaglutide who developed an ischemic optic event. The timing of symptom onset in relation to the initiation of semaglutide therapy raises the possibility of a causal association between the drug and this rare ocular complication. Close monitoring of ocular health is crucial for patients on GLP-1 receptor agonists, particularly those with pre-existing vascular risk factors. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and guide clinical practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/reports8030149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T07:50:46Z","timestamp":1755676246000},"page":"149","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Is Semaglutide Linked to NAION? A Case Report on a Rare Ocular Complication"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Dina","family":"Le\u0161in Ga\u0107ina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Zagreb University Hospital Center, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomislav","family":"Vidovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Zagreb University Hospital Center, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolina","family":"Vlaji\u0107 Oreb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vuk Vrhovac University Clinic for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Merkur University Hospital, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lovorka","family":"Matkovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Center of Zagreb County, 10 430 Samobor, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonja","family":"Jandrokovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Zagreb University Hospital Center, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia"},{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2008.11.002","article-title":"Ischemic Optic Neuropathy","volume":"28","author":"Hayreh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.2174\/157339911795843122","article-title":"Diabetic Papillopathy: Current and New Treatment Options","volume":"7","author":"Giuliari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Diabetes Rev."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2012.140","article-title":"GLP-1 Receptor Agonists for Individualized Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"8","author":"Meier","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1607141","article-title":"Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"375","author":"Marso","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. 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Drug Saf."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2024.2296","article-title":"Risk of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy in Patients Prescribed Semaglutide","volume":"142","author":"Hathaway","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1186\/s40942-024-00620-x","article-title":"Once-Weekly Semaglutide Doubles the Five-Year Risk of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy in a Danish Cohort of 424,152 Persons with Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"10","author":"Grauslund","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Retin. Vitr."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2025.0349","article-title":"Semaglutide and Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Risk Among Patients With Diabetes","volume":"143","author":"Hsu","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2024.6555","article-title":"Semaglutide and Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy","volume":"143","author":"Cai","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.10.030","article-title":"Association between Semaglutide and Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy: A Multinational Population-Based Study","volume":"132","author":"Chou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13538","article-title":"Worsening of Diabetic Retinopathy with Rapid Improvement in Systemic Glucose Control: A Review","volume":"21","author":"Bain","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. 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