{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T08:53:16Z","timestamp":1762332796743,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Pseudoarthrosis continues to be a public health problem; however, in our country, information is scarce, particularly when talking about the clinical and sociodemographic characterization of the Mexican population with pseudoarthrosis. Methods: In this study, clinical and sociodemographic characteristics such as sex, age, educational level, nutritional status, comorbidities, affected bone, fracture characteristics, degree of exposure, and waiting time for the patient to undergo surgery were analyzed. Results: A total of 267 patients were included in the present study. A higher frequency of men (53.6%) was identified compared to women, and the main age group was 46\u201375 years (50.1%). The main comorbidities identified in our population were smoking (n = 141; 52.8%) and osteoporosis (n = 84; 31.5%). When evaluating the clinical characteristics of pseudoarthrosis, the tibia (n = 65; 24.3%) and radius (n = 54; 20.2%) were the main bones affected. Fracture exposure could be identified in 17.65% (n = 47) of the population, and the main grade of involvement was II (46.8%). Regarding the prevalence of the affected bone, the tibia was the main one, with 13.5% (9.38\u201317.58%) female patients, 12.7% (8.73\u201316.73%) with overweight, 18.0% (13.37\u201322.59%) with osteoporosis, and 14.2% (10.04\u201318.42%) with a history of smoking. Conclusions: In our cohort, we identified a high prevalence of the tibia as the affected bone, while overweight, obesity, osteoporosis, and smoking were the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics that characterized our population. The findings of this study lay the groundwork for understanding the clinical and sociodemographic context of a Mexican cohort with nonunion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/reports8040227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T07:58:05Z","timestamp":1762329485000},"page":"227","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical and Sociodemographic Characterization of Mexican Cohort with Pseudoarthrosis: A Retrospective, Cross-Sectional, and Descriptive Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Emilio Ignacio P\u00e9rez","family":"Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad Mexicana de Medicina, La Salle University, Las Fuentes 17, Tlalpan Centro I, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14000, Mexico"},{"name":"Hospital Regional \u201cGeneral Ignacio Zaragoza\u201d del ISSSTE, Calzada Ignacio Zaragoza 1711, Ej\u00e9rcito, Constitucionalista I II y III, Iztapalapa, Mexico City 09220, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F\u00e9lix Gustavo","family":"Mora R\u00edos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad Mexicana de Medicina, La Salle University, Las Fuentes 17, Tlalpan Centro I, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14000, Mexico"},{"name":"Hospital Regional \u201cGeneral Ignacio Zaragoza\u201d del ISSSTE, Calzada Ignacio Zaragoza 1711, Ej\u00e9rcito, Constitucionalista I II y III, Iztapalapa, Mexico City 09220, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian Misael","family":"Mu\u00f1oz Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad Mexicana de Medicina, La Salle University, Las Fuentes 17, Tlalpan Centro I, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14000, Mexico"},{"name":"Hospital Regional \u201cGeneral Ignacio Zaragoza\u201d del ISSSTE, Calzada Ignacio Zaragoza 1711, Ej\u00e9rcito, Constitucionalista I II y III, Iztapalapa, Mexico City 09220, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josu\u00e9","family":"Ramos Texta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad Mexicana de Medicina, La Salle University, Las Fuentes 17, Tlalpan Centro I, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14000, Mexico"},{"name":"Hospital Regional \u201cGeneral Ignacio Zaragoza\u201d del ISSSTE, Calzada Ignacio Zaragoza 1711, Ej\u00e9rcito, Constitucionalista I II y III, Iztapalapa, Mexico City 09220, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9235-770X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto Carlos","family":"Dom\u00ednguez Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad Mexicana de Medicina, La Salle University, Las Fuentes 17, Tlalpan Centro I, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14000, Mexico"},{"name":"Hospital Regional \u201cGeneral Ignacio Zaragoza\u201d del ISSSTE, Calzada Ignacio Zaragoza 1711, Ej\u00e9rcito, Constitucionalista I II y III, Iztapalapa, Mexico City 09220, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joan Artemio","family":"P\u00e9rez Figueroa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad Mexicana de Medicina, La Salle University, Las Fuentes 17, Tlalpan Centro I, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14000, Mexico"},{"name":"Hospital Regional \u201cGeneral Ignacio Zaragoza\u201d del ISSSTE, Calzada Ignacio Zaragoza 1711, Ej\u00e9rcito, Constitucionalista I II y III, Iztapalapa, Mexico City 09220, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8220-1661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Garc\u00eda-Benavides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad Mexicana de Medicina, La Salle University, Las Fuentes 17, Tlalpan Centro I, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14000, Mexico"},{"name":"Hospital Regional \u201cGeneral Ignacio Zaragoza\u201d del ISSSTE, Calzada Ignacio Zaragoza 1711, Ej\u00e9rcito, Constitucionalista I II y III, Iztapalapa, Mexico City 09220, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1277-7170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Alberto","family":"Castro-Fuentes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, Servicios de Salud del, Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social Para el Bienestar (IMSS-BIENESTAR), Carretera Federal M\u00e9xico-Puebla, Km 34.5, Ixtapaluca 56530, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Escarpanter, B.J.C. 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