{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:04:36Z","timestamp":1787029476505,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Taichung Armed Forces Research Foundation","award":["TCAFGH_E_114037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TCAFGH_E_114037"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Clinical Significance: Oral ulcers are a common disease for dental practitioners. The policy of treating oral ulcers includes removing etiology and medication. Standard management of oral ulcers includes elimination of etiologic factors and pharmacologic therapy. Topical corticosteroids are the most commonly used medicine for oral ulcers. Exclude possible etiologies related to ulcers; refractory ulcers need systemic evaluation and precise medication use to improve patients\u2019 quality and satisfaction. Case Presentation: We present a case of refractory oral ulcers resistant to multiple conventional treatments, which were found to be ineffective. These ulcers significantly impact patient quality of life. We prescribed a series of oral ulcer treatments following the removal of cause factors, such as rounding the teeth and making a soft occlusal bite plate to reduce traumatic sources from the patient\u2019s Parkinson\u2019s disease. A biopsy of the ulcer lesions was also done. All the treatments involving corticosteroids and removing the ulcer-associated etiology were ineffective. Conclusions: Finally, combined therapy using low-dose thalidomide (50 mg\/day) and colchicine (1.5 mg\/day) resulted in substantial clinical improvement, and complete remission was sustained for over six months without recurrence. A narrative discussion of relevant literature is provided to contextualize therapeutic considerations in refractory oral ulceration. Conclusion: This case suggests that low-dose thalidomide and colchicine combination therapy may be a therapeutic consideration for refractory oral ulcers when conventional management fails; however, the observation is hypothesis-generating and further studies are required to evaluate efficacy and safety.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/reports9010036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T11:14:07Z","timestamp":1769426047000},"page":"36","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Successful Remission of Refractory Oral Ulcers Treated with Low-Dose Thalidomide and Colchicine: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Shun-Yu","family":"Kan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical University, Number 161, Section 6, Minquan East Road, Neihu District, Taipei City 114, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Kai","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Number 325, Section 2, Chenggong Road, Neihu District, Taipei City 114, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia-Lu","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical University, Number 161, Section 6, Minquan East Road, Neihu District, Taipei City 114, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9633-3974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kuo-Chou","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical University, Number 161, Section 6, Minquan East Road, Neihu District, Taipei City 114, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Dentistry, Taichung Armed Force General Hospital, Number 348, Section 2, Chungshan Road, Taiping District, Taichung City 411, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Regezi, J.A., Sciubba, J., and Jordan, R.C. 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