{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T10:13:33Z","timestamp":1788776013967,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We describe a rare case of LRV pseudo-fenestration in a 68-year-old female identified on contrast-enhanced multidetector computed tomography. Unlike true fenestration, in which a single vessel splits and reunites, this pseudo-fenestration resulted from the convergence of two distinct hilar venous trunks. Multiplanar and three-dimensional reconstructions demonstrated that the left suprarenal vein drained into the superior limb, whereas the left gonadal vein drained into the inferior limb, reflecting a consistent and anatomically meaningful tributary pattern. This configuration is most plausibly explained by incomplete or asymmetric embryological fusion of the cardinal venous system. Accurate preoperative recognition of this variant is clinically important to reduce the risk of iatrogenic injury during laparoscopic donor nephrectomy, adrenal venous sampling, and other retroperitoneal or endovascular procedures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/reports9030299","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T09:23:37Z","timestamp":1788773017000},"page":"299","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Left Renal Vein Pseudo-Fenestration"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4945-7062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Gondorf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0122-2436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George","family":"Triantafyllou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0783-5700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolaos-Achilleas","family":"Arkoudis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of Radiology and Medical Imaging, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Second Department of Radiology, General University Hospital \u201cAttikon\u201d, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0050-284X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgios","family":"Velonakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of Radiology and Medical Imaging, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Second Department of Radiology, General University Hospital \u201cAttikon\u201d, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3797-9403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kostis","family":"Gyftopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4831-8005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Piagkou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gondorf, D., Triantafyllou, G., Paschopoulos, I., Arkoudis, N.-A., Velonakis, G., Kokoropoulos, P., Arkadopoulos, N., and Piagkou, M. (2026). Extreme Variability of the Kidney Hilar Architecture: A Radioanatomical Map to Guide Surgical Approaches. Diagnostics, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics16101544"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-022-03000-y","article-title":"The First Reported Case of Left Renal Vein Fenestration","volume":"44","year":"2022","journal-title":"Surg. Radiol. Anat."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.5115\/acb.25.218","article-title":"Two Cases with Fenestrations in the Left Renal Veins for the Passages of the Renal, Gonadal, and Suprarenal Arteries","volume":"59","author":"Watanabe","year":"2026","journal-title":"Anat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-025-03614-y","article-title":"The Prevalence of the Fenestrated Left Renal Vein","volume":"47","author":"Damen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Surg. Radiol. Anat."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1744522","article-title":"Developmental Anomalies of the Inferior Vena Cava and Its Tributaries: What the Radiologist Needs to Know?","volume":"32","author":"Verma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J. Radiol. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.10151","article-title":"Pivotal Role of the Sub-supracardinal Anastomosis in the Development and Course of the Left Renal Vein","volume":"16","author":"Macchi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Anat."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.5115\/acb.25.161","article-title":"Prevalence of Variants in Gonadal Vessels: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis","volume":"58","author":"Paschopoulos","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surge.2020.01.001","article-title":"Configuration of the Extra-Renal Venous System in Relation to the Left Renal Vein: A Cadaveric Study and New Proposed Classification","volume":"18","author":"Walker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Surgeon"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102929","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radi.2025.102929","article-title":"Preliminary Phantom Study of Four-Dimensional Computed Tomographic Angiography for Renal Artery Mapping: Low-Tube Voltage and Low-Contrast Volume Imaging with Deep Learning-Based Reconstruction","volume":"31","author":"Urikura","year":"2025","journal-title":"Radiography"}],"container-title":["Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2571-841X\/9\/3\/299\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T10:06:13Z","timestamp":1788775573000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2571-841X\/9\/3\/299"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["reports9030299"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/reports9030299","relation":{},"ISSN":["2571-841X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2571-841X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]]}}}