{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T06:24:46Z","timestamp":1784874286103,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]],"date-time":"2021-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Samuel Sol\\'orzano","award":["FS\/18-2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FS\/18-2018"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>One important health problem that could affect diabetics is diabetic foot syndrome, as risk of ulceration, neuropathy, ischemia and infection. Unnoticed minor injuries, subsequent infection and ulceration may end in a foot amputation. Preliminary studies have shown a relationship between increased skin temperature and asymmetries between the same regions of both feet. In the preulceration phase, to develop a smart device able to control the temperature of these types of patients to avoid this risk might be very useful. A statistical analysis has been carried out with a sample of foot temperature data obtained from 93 individuals, of whom 44 are diabetics and 49 nondiabetics and among them 43% are men and 57% are women. Data obtained with a thermographic camera has been successful in providing a set of regions of interest, where the temperature could influence the individual, and the behavior of several variables that could affect these subjects provides a mathematical model. Finally, an in-depth analysis of existing sensors situated in those positions, namely, heel, medial midfoot, first metatarsal head, fifth metatarsal head, and first toe has allowed for the development of a smart sock to store temperatures obtained every few minutes in a mobile device.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21051821","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]],"date-time":"2021-03-05T11:46:09Z","timestamp":1614944769000},"page":"1821","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The Use of Infrared Thermography to Develop and Assess a Wearable Sock and Monitor Foot Temperature in Diabetic Subjects"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Torreblanca Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Industrial Engineering, University of Salamanca, E37700 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2200-630X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"G\u00f3mez-Mart\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Centro Universitario de Plasencia, University of Extremadura, E10600 Plasencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ascensi\u00f3n","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez Encinas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sciences, University of Salamanca, E37008 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5118-5576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Mart\u00edn-Vaquero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Industrial Engineering, University of Salamanca, E37700 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5296-0271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Araceli","family":"Queiruga-Dios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Industrial Engineering, University of Salamanca, E37700 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5536-2509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfonso","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Nova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Centro Universitario de Plasencia, University of Extremadura, E10600 Plasencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Dounis, E., Makrilakis, K., Tentolouris, N., and Tsapogas, P. 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