{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:31:31Z","timestamp":1760149891888,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]],"date-time":"2023-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695254400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Spin bowling deliveries in cricket, finger spin and wrist spin, are usually (Type 1, T1) performed with forearm supination and pronation, respectively, but can also be executed with opposite movements (Type 2, T2), specifically forearm pronation and supination, respectively. The aim of this study is to identify the differences between T1 and T2 using an advanced smart cricket ball, as well as to assess the dynamics of T1 and T2. With the hand aligned to the ball\u2019s coordinate system, the angular velocity vector, specifically the x-, y- and z-components of its unit vector and its yaw and pitch angles, were used to identify time windows where T1 and T2 deliveries were clearly separated. Such a window was found 0.44 s before the peak torque, and maximum separation was achieved when plotting the y-component against the z-component of the unit vector, or the yaw angle against the pitch angle. In terms of physical performance, T1 deliveries are easier to bowl than T2; in terms of skill performance, wrist spin deliveries are easier to bowl than finger spin. Because the smart ball allows differentiation between T1 and T2 deliveries, it is an ideal tool for talent identification and improving performance through more efficient training.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23188012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]],"date-time":"2023-09-21T21:16:49Z","timestamp":1695331009000},"page":"8012","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Identification, Taxonomy and Performance Assessment of Type 1 and Type 2 Spin Bowling Deliveries with a Smart Cricket Ball"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8114-5735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ren\u00e9","family":"Ferdinands","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Exercise and Sports Science, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2141, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Batdelger","family":"Doljin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Smart Products Engineering Program, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Franz","family":"Fuss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Biomechanics, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany"},{"name":"Division of Biomechatronics, Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Dias, G.R., and Ferdinands, R. 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