{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T20:08:06Z","timestamp":1777493286279,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,16]],"date-time":"2023-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W81XWH-17-1-0424"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH-17-1-0424"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1TR002369"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR002369"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health","award":["W81XWH-17-1-0424"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH-17-1-0424"]}]},{"name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health","award":["UL1TR002369"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR002369"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>After a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), dizziness and balance problems are frequently reported, affecting individuals\u2019 daily lives and functioning. Vestibular rehabilitation is a standard treatment approach for addressing these issues, but its efficacy in this population remains inconclusive. A potential reason for suboptimal outcomes is the lack of objective monitoring of exercise performance, which is crucial for therapeutic success. This study utilized wearable inertial measurement units (IMUs) to quantify exercise performance in individuals with mTBI during home-based vestibular rehabilitation exercises. Seventy-three people with mTBI and fifty healthy controls were enrolled. Vestibular exercises were performed, and IMUs measured forehead and sternum velocities and range of motions. The mTBI group demonstrated a slower forehead peak angular velocity in all exercises, which may be a compensatory strategy to manage balance issues or symptom exacerbation. Additionally, the mTBI group exhibited a larger forehead range of motion during specific exercises, potentially linked to proprioceptive deficits. These findings emphasize the usefulness of utilizing IMUs to monitor the quality of home-based vestibular exercises for individuals with mTBI and the potential for IMUs improving rehabilitation outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23249860","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]],"date-time":"2023-12-18T11:28:07Z","timestamp":1702898887000},"page":"9860","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Assessing the Effects of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury on Vestibular Home Exercise Performance with Wearable Sensors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4534-5497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kody R.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer L.","family":"Wilhelm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8927-1274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prokopios","family":"Antonellis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathleen T.","family":"Scanlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalie C.","family":"Pettigrew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Douglas N.","family":"Martini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01060, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James C.","family":"Chesnutt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurie A.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2008.03.0038","article-title":"VA\/DoD Clinical Practice Guideline for Management of Concussion\/Mild Traumatic Brain Injury","volume":"46","author":"Statements","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. 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