{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:11:41Z","timestamp":1788826301025,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,11]],"date-time":"2024-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712793600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Italian Ministry of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GR-2019-12370757"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GR-2019-12370757"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Italian Ministry of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["A0375-2020-36724"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A0375-2020-36724"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009880","name":"Regione Lazio","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GR-2019-12370757"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GR-2019-12370757"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009880","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009880","name":"Regione Lazio","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["A0375-2020-36724"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A0375-2020-36724"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009880","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Neurological disorders such as stroke, Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD), and severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) are leading global causes of disability and mortality. This study aimed to assess the ability to walk of patients with sTBI, stroke, and PD, identifying the differences in dynamic postural stability, symmetry, and smoothness during various dynamic motor tasks. Sixty people with neurological disorders and 20 healthy participants were recruited. Inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors were employed to measure spatiotemporal parameters and gait quality indices during different motor tasks. The Mini-BESTest, Berg Balance Scale, and Dynamic Gait Index Scoring were also used to evaluate balance and gait. People with stroke exhibited the most compromised biomechanical patterns, with lower walking speed, increased stride duration, and decreased stride frequency. They also showed higher upper body instability and greater variability in gait stability indices, as well as less gait symmetry and smoothness. PD and sTBI patients displayed significantly different temporal parameters and differences in stability parameters only at the pelvis level and in the smoothness index during both linear and curved paths. This study provides a biomechanical characterization of dynamic stability, symmetry, and smoothness in people with stroke, sTBI, and PD using an IMU-based ecological assessment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24082451","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,11]],"date-time":"2024-04-11T09:37:31Z","timestamp":1712828251000},"page":"2451","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Dynamic Stability, Symmetry, and Smoothness of Gait in People with Neurological Health Conditions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6034-0638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Tramontano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy"},{"name":"Unit of Occupational Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0884-3315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amaranta Soledad","family":"Orejel Bustos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS (Institute for Research and Health Care), 00179 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome \u201cForo Italico\u201d, Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 00135 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Montemurro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS (Institute for Research and Health Care), 00179 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Vasta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS (Institute for Research and Health Care), 00179 Rome, 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University of L\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy"},{"name":"San Raffaele Institute of Sulmona, 67039 Sulmona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Modugno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, IS, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1307-8707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Gabriella","family":"Buzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS (Institute for Research and Health Care), 00179 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2516-0540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Formisano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS (Institute for Research and Health Care), 00179 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9055-3981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Bergamini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome \u201cForo Italico\u201d, Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 00135 Roma, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Management, Information and Production Engineering, University of Bergamo, Via Pasubio 7b, 24044 Dalmine, BG, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2359-6076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Vannozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS (Institute for Research and Health Care), 00179 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome \u201cForo Italico\u201d, Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 00135 Roma, 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