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The purpose of this study was to explore the synergy in both the frequency and movement domains based on the non-negative Tucker decomposition (NTD) method. Surface electromyography (sEMG) data of 8 upper limb muscles in 10 healthy subjects under wrist flexion (WF) and wrist extension (WE) were recorded. NTD was selected for exploring the multi-domain muscle synergy from the sEMG data. The results showed two synergistic flexor pairs, Palmaris longus\u2013Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (PL-FDS) and Extensor Carpi Radialis\u2013Flexor Carpi Radialis (ECR-FCR), in the WF stage. Their spectral components are mainly in the respective bands 0\u201320 Hz and 25\u201350 Hz. And the spectral components of two extensor pairs, Extensor Digitorum\u2013Extensor Carpi Ulnar (ED-ECU) and Extensor Carpi Radialis\u2013Brachioradialis (ECR-B), are mainly in the respective bands 0\u201320 Hz and 7\u201345 Hz in the WE stage. Additionally, further analysis showed that the Biceps Brachii (BB) muscle was a shared muscle synergy module of the WE and WF stage, while the flexor muscles FCR, PL and FDS were the specific synergy modules of the WF stage, and the extensor muscles ED, ECU, ECR and B were the specific synergy modules of the WE stage. This study showed that NTD is a meaningful method to explore the multi-domain synergistic characteristics of multi-channel sEMG signals. The results can help us to better understand the frequency features of muscle synergy and shared and specific synergies, and expand the study perspective related to motor control in the nervous system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24103225","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T06:31:58Z","timestamp":1716186718000},"page":"3225","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Muscle Synergy during Wrist Movements Based on Non-Negative Tucker Decomposition"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Xiaoling","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Measurement Technology and Instrumentation of Hebei Province, Institute of Electric Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Rehabilitation and Neuromodulation of Hebei Province, Institute of Electric Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7820-4950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yange","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Measurement Technology and Instrumentation of Hebei Province, Institute of Electric Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingya","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Measurement Technology and Instrumentation of Hebei Province, Institute of Electric Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinxu","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Measurement Technology and Instrumentation of Hebei Province, Institute of Electric Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Measurement Technology and Instrumentation of Hebei Province, Institute of Electric Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Rehabilitation and Neuromodulation of Hebei Province, Institute of Electric Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"126","article-title":"Editorial: Modularity in motor control: From muscle synergies to cognitive action representation","volume":"9","author":"Giese","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. 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