{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T09:34:06Z","timestamp":1790156046586,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,10]],"date-time":"2024-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)","award":["2022R1A5A8023404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022R1A5A8023404"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) system is a common non-destructive instrument which is used to evaluate the material quality in scientific and industrial applications. Technically, the tested sample is immersed in water during the scanning process. Therefore, a robot arm is incorporated into the SAM system to transfer the sample for in-line inspection, which makes the system complex and increases time consumption. The main aim of this study is to develop a novel water probe for the SAM system, that is, a waterstream. During the scanning process, water was supplied using a waterstream instead of immersing the sample in the water, which leads to a simple design of an automotive SAM system and a reduction in time consumption. In addition, using a waterstream in the SAM system can avoid contamination of the sample due to immersion in water for long-time scanning. Waterstream was designed based on the measured focal length calculation of the transducer and simulated to investigate the internal flow characteristics. To validate the simulation results, the waterstream was prototyped and applied to the TSAM-400 and W-FSAM traditional and fast SAM systems to successfully image some samples such as carbon fiber-reinforced polymers, a printed circuit board, and a 6-inch wafer. These results demonstrate the design method of the water probe applied to the SAM system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24165179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]],"date-time":"2024-08-12T11:23:46Z","timestamp":1723461826000},"page":"5179","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Novel Water Probe for High-Frequency Focused Transducer Applied to Scanning Acoustic Microscopy System: Simulation and Experimental Investigation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Van Hiep","family":"Pham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, PHENIKAA University, Yen Nghia, Ha Dong, Hanoi 12116, Vietnam"},{"name":"PHENIKAA Research and Technology Institute (PRATI), A&A Green Phoenix Group JSC, No.167 Hoang Ngan, Trung Hoa, Cau Giay, Hanoi 11313, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Le Hai","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaeyeop","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Smart Gym-Based Translational Research Center for Active Senior\u2019s Healthcare, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hoanh-Son","family":"Truong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tan Hung","family":"Vo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Smart Gym-Based Translational Research Center for Active Senior\u2019s Healthcare, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4011-8826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dinh Dat","family":"Vu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5910-6211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sumin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5837-0958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junghwan","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Smart Gym-Based Translational Research Center for Active Senior\u2019s Healthcare, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Ohlabs Corporation, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1655136","article-title":"Acoustic microscope\u2014Scanning version","volume":"24","author":"Lemons","year":"1974","journal-title":"Appl. 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