{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:07:58Z","timestamp":1787029678737,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]],"date-time":"2024-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018736","name":"Japanese Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23K17203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23K17203"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018736","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Eighteen-lead electrocardiography (18-ECG) includes, in addition to those in standard 12-lead ECG (12-ECG), six additional chest leads: V7\u2013V9 and V3RV5R. Leads V7\u2013V9 require the patient to be in a lateral decubitus position for the electrodes to be attached to the back. Synthesized 18-ECG (syn18-ECG) is a method that only records 12-ECG and uses computational logic to record the posterior wall (V7\u2013V9) and right-sided (V3R\u2013V5R) leads. We review the clinical utility of syn18-ECG in conditions including acute coronary syndromes, arrhythmias, acute pulmonary embolism, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The syn18-ECG waveform correlates well with the actual 18-ECG waveform, indicating that syn18-ECG is an excellent substitute for 18-ECG, excluding negative T waves. ST elevation in leads V7\u2013V9 has the effect of reducing missed acute coronary syndromes in the posterior wall. In cases of arrhythmia, syn18-ECG can accurately estimate the target site of radiofrequency catheter ablation using a simple algorithm. The use of additional leads in Duchenne muscular dystrophy is expected to provide new insights. To facilitate gaining more knowledge regarding diseases that have not yet been investigated, it is imperative that the cost of syn18-ECG is reduced in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24185947","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]],"date-time":"2024-09-13T07:30:35Z","timestamp":1726212635000},"page":"5947","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Clinical Utility of Synthesized 18-Lead Electrocardiography"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Tetsushi","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama 526-0829, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9846-4142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Awano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Initiative Center, Organization for Research Initiative and Promotion, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7570-9407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuichiro","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama 526-0829, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6747-7194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masafumi","family":"Matsuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"e362","article-title":"2013 ACCF\/AHA guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction: A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines","volume":"127","author":"Kushner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Daming, W. 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