{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T17:44:10Z","timestamp":1792863850698,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,12]],"date-time":"2024-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This work describes a self-powered wireless temperature sensor platform that can be used for foot ulceration monitoring for diabetic patients. The proposed self-powered sensor platform consists of a piezoelectric bimorph, a power conditioning circuit, a temperature sensor readout circuit, and a wireless module. The piezoelectric bimorph mounted inside the shoe effectively converts the foot movement into electric energy that can power the entire sensor platform. Furthermore, a sensor platform was designed, considering the energy requirement of 4.826 mJ for transmitting one data packet of 18 bytes. The self-powered sensor platform prototype was evaluated with five test subjects with different weights and foot shapes; the test results show the subjects had to walk an average of 119.6 s to transmit the first data packet and an additional average of 71.2 s to transmit the subsequent data packet. The temperature sensor showed a resolution of 0.1 \u00b0C and a sensitivity of 56.7 mV\/\u00b0C with a power conditioning circuit efficiency of 74.5%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24206567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,15]],"date-time":"2024-10-15T09:12:50Z","timestamp":1728983570000},"page":"6567","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A Self-Powered Wireless Temperature Sensor Platform for Foot Ulceration Monitoring"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Joseph Agyemang","family":"Duah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Intel Corporation, Chandler, AZ 85226, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1844-2443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kye-Shin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6555-3464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Byung-Gyu","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of AI Engineering, Sookmyung Women\u2019s University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2019.2940282","article-title":"A Bluetooth-low-energy sensor node for acoustic monitoring of small birds","volume":"20","author":"Magno","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Sens. 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