{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T05:07:18Z","timestamp":1790658438553,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]],"date-time":"2024-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Saudi Data and AI Authority (SDAIA) and King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM)","award":["JRC-AI-RFP-13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JRC-AI-RFP-13"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>After natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, or wars occur, cellular communication networks often sustain significant damage or become impaired. In these critical situations, first responders must coordinate with other rescue teams to communicate essential information to central command and survivors. To address this challenge, we have developed a reliable and rapidly deployable wireless ad hoc system for post-disaster management using Data Distribution Service (DDS) middleware, specifically RTI-DDS, named R-RDSP. The R-RDSP further enhances these metrics, achieving a 14.5% improvement in end-to-end delay and a 20.24% improvement in round-trip delay over the RDSP scheme. The R-RDSP system consists of three main modules: client, relay, and server. Each module connects to others via an ad hoc network, ensuring direct device-to-device communication without relying on existing infrastructure. The client module collects and sends the victim\u2019s location and emergency messages. The relay modules forward these messages across the ad hoc networks, ensuring minimal delay and high reliability. Finally, the server module receives the messages, processes them, and coordinates the response. Leveraging RTI-DDS for reliable message distribution, the system demonstrates robust performance even under challenging network conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24227259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]],"date-time":"2024-11-13T09:59:11Z","timestamp":1731491951000},"page":"7259","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["R-RDSP: Reliable and Rapidly Deployable Wireless Ad Hoc System for Post-Disaster Management over DDS"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1384-005X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Baber","family":"Jan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9629-4908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adnan","family":"Munir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayaz H.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"SDAIA-KFUPM Joint Research Center for Artificial Intelligence, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajmal","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Communication and Information Research Center, Sultan Qaboos University, Seeb 123, Oman"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5875-154X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Basem","family":"Al-Madani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2016.7452275","article-title":"A survey on rapidly deployable solutions for post-disaster networks","volume":"54","author":"Miranda","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Mag."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meenakshi, B., Vanathi, A., Gopi, B., Sangeetha, S., Ramalingam, L., and Murugan, S. (2023, January 18\u201319). Wireless Sensor Networks for Disaster Management and Emergency Response using SVM Classifier. Proceedings of the 2023 Second IEEE International Conference on Smart Technologies for Smart Nation (SmartTechCon), Singapore.","DOI":"10.1109\/SmartTechCon57526.2023.10391435"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73782","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3293035","article-title":"Edge technologies for disaster management: A survey of social media and artificial intelligence integration","volume":"11","author":"Aboualola","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"(2007, January 01). OMG. 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ICN \u201913.","DOI":"10.1145\/2491224.2491229"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bode, V., Trinitis, C., Schulz, M., Buettner, D., and Preclik, T. (2024, January 11\u201315). Adopting User-Space Networking for DDS Message-Oriented Middleware. 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