{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T19:53:52Z","timestamp":1781121232369,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Youth Fund for Humanities and Social Sciences Research of the Ministry of Education in 2024","award":["24YJCZH238"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24YJCZH238"]}]},{"name":"Youth Fund for Humanities and Social Sciences Research of the Ministry of Education in 2024","award":["JG2302047"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JG2302047"]}]},{"name":"Youth Fund for Humanities and Social Sciences Research of the Ministry of Education in 2024","award":["23ZD13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23ZD13"]}]},{"name":"2023 Undergraduate Teaching Reform Project of Jiangnan University","award":["24YJCZH238"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24YJCZH238"]}]},{"name":"2023 Undergraduate Teaching Reform Project of Jiangnan University","award":["JG2302047"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JG2302047"]}]},{"name":"2023 Undergraduate Teaching Reform Project of Jiangnan University","award":["23ZD13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23ZD13"]}]},{"name":"2023 National Social Science Foundation Art Major Project","award":["24YJCZH238"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24YJCZH238"]}]},{"name":"2023 National Social Science Foundation Art Major Project","award":["JG2302047"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JG2302047"]}]},{"name":"2023 National Social Science Foundation Art Major Project","award":["23ZD13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23ZD13"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The decline in birth rates has raised concerns about the safety of infants and young children (0\u201318 months), particularly those who suffer suffocation or even death during sleep from their own or external causes. How to ensure that infants and young children can safely pass through this dangerous period after birth is the focus of this project. This article focuses on sleeping infants and young children as the subject of research. Blood oxygen sensors and heart rate sensors attached to socks are used to monitor changes in blood oxygen and heart rate when infants and young children experience asphyxia. The changes are then transmitted via Bluetooth to a mobile app and an alarm sound is generated to act as a good warning. At the same time, the researchers received good feedback from testing the garments on two babies and toddlers, indicating they provide an effective warning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24227275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T09:14:31Z","timestamp":1731575671000},"page":"7275","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Design of Intelligent Socks Suitable for Early Warning of Suffocation in Infants and Young Children"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Xiangfang","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Digital Technology and Innovation Design, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Digital Technology and Innovation Design, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ribing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Design, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"42","article-title":"Prevention and Treatment Methods for Infant Asphyxia","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2001","journal-title":"Fam. Parent."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Xiali Home Economics (2021, August 16). Causes and First Aid Methods for Infants and Young Children Suffering from Asphyxia. Available online: http:\/\/www.xljzfww.com\/?yuyingxinxi\/348.html."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"77","article-title":"Design of an in car infant asphyxia prevention system based on EasyDL","volume":"30","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Electron. Prod."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"1097","article-title":"Design of Intelligent Vehicle Anti-Airtight Life saving System","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Softw. Eng. Appl."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1093\/pch\/17.2.91","article-title":"Preventing choking and suffocation in children","volume":"17","author":"Cyr","year":"2012","journal-title":"Paediatr. Child Health"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2016.3345","article-title":"Risk factors, protective factors, and current recommendations to reduce sudden infant death syndrome: A review","volume":"171","author":"Carlin","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.112.4.883","article-title":"Where should infants sleep? A comparison of risk for suffocation of infants sleep in cribs, adult beds, and other sleeping locations","volume":"112","author":"Scheers","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"Elwell, M.P. (2011). Design for the Most Vulnerable: Preventing Sudden Infant Death. [Doctoral Dissertation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign]."},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"Randich, C., Riley, C., Schroeder, A., and Sun, Q. (2023, September 10). Sleeping Environment for a Baby. Available online: https:\/\/deepblue.lib.umich.edu\/bitstream\/handle\/2027.42\/117343\/ME450-F15-Project26-FinalReport.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"52","article-title":"Comparison of results of monitoring percutaneous blood oxygen saturation in different parts of newborns","volume":"17","author":"Feng","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Nurs."},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"(2021, May 28). Jike Dad.Owlet Smart Baby Socks, A Close Fitting Nurse for Children. Available online: https:\/\/www.sohu.com\/a\/118625989_436237."},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"Guo, H. (2006). Research on Performance Evaluation Indicators for Socks Wearing. [Master\u2019s Thesis, Tianjin University of Technology]."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"50","article-title":"Analysis of Sock Wearing Comfort","volume":"10","author":"Xu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Knitt. Ind."}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/24\/22\/7275\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:32:13Z","timestamp":1760113933000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/24\/22\/7275"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"22","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["s24227275"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s24227275","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1424-8220","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]]}}}