{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T17:19:48Z","timestamp":1771694388383,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]],"date-time":"2024-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["42174101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42174101"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["42104089"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42104089"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2022EHB012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022EHB012"]}]},{"name":"(Germany) the Offshore International Science and Technology Cooperation Center of Frontier Technology of Geodesy","award":["42174101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42174101"]}]},{"name":"(Germany) the Offshore International Science and Technology Cooperation Center of Frontier Technology of Geodesy","award":["42104089"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42104089"]}]},{"name":"(Germany) the Offshore International Science and Technology Cooperation Center of Frontier Technology of Geodesy","award":["2022EHB012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022EHB012"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The noise level of gravity stations is an important indicator for measuring the operating status of a station and is a prerequisite for evaluating whether the station\u2019s observations can be used to extract weak geodynamic signals. With the continuous expansion of areas of human activity, gravity stations originally located in the wild may become increasingly closer to cities. Whether their noise levels change is an important issue that is worthy of attention. Based on power spectrum analyses and probability density function methods, the noise level of the superconducting gravimeter (SG) at Jiufeng station in Wuhan in the seismic frequency band of 0.001\u20130.04 Hz was calculated, and its time-varying characteristics were analyzed. The noise level of Jiufeng station did not change significantly before and after the lockdown of Wuhan due to the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020. No significant changes in the noise level were found before and after the official operation of Wuhan Metro Line 19 at the end of 2023. From October 2016 to April 2017, the noise level showed an abnormal trend of suddenly rapidly rising and then slowly declining, which was found to be caused by a tilt problem in the gravity sensor. Overall, in the seismic frequency band of 0.001\u20130.04 Hz, the noise level at Jiufeng station showed seasonal variation characteristics, and the noise was stronger in winter than in summer, which is consistent with the characteristics of Earth\u2019s hum. Since January 2022, the noise level has shown an increasing trend year by year. The results of this study can provide an important reference for the operation of gravity stations and the extraction of weak geodynamic signals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24237446","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]],"date-time":"2024-11-22T06:41:48Z","timestamp":1732257708000},"page":"7446","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Noise Variation Characteristics of the Superconducting Gravimeter at Jiufeng Station in Wuhan (China)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Hang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"History, Culture and Tourism School, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8684-7194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miaomiao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianqiao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heping","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-246X.1999.00913.x","article-title":"Noise Levels of Superconducting Gravimeters at Seismic Frequencies","volume":"139","author":"Banka","year":"1999","journal-title":"Geophys. 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