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The ultraviolet (UV) pulse laser is based on a passive Q-switching technology with a high output power of 28 mW. The photoacoustic signal was normalized to the laser power to solve the fluctuation of the photoacoustic signal due to the power instability of the UV laser. A differential photoacoustic cell can obtain a high Q-factor and reduce the gas flow noise in SF6 buffer gas. The parameters of the SO2 sensor system were optimized in terms of laser power and operating pressure. A 1\u03c3 detection limit (SNR = 1) of 2.34 ppb was achieved with a 1 s integration time, corresponding to a normalized noise equivalent absorption (NNEA) coefficient of 7.62 \u00d7 10\u221210 cm\u22121WHz\u22121\/2.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24247911","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]],"date-time":"2024-12-11T12:38:56Z","timestamp":1733920736000},"page":"7911","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["ppb-Level SO2 Photoacoustic Sensor for SF6 Decomposition Analysis Utilizing a High-Power UV Laser with a Power Normalization Method"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3676-9472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiu","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University, Hangzhou 311200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baisong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5204-8885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuyang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6316-2448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chenchen","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University, Hangzhou 311200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9486-0555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xing","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University, Hangzhou 311200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1462-3175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yize","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Sensing and Transmission Technology, School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4840-9529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xukun","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University, Hangzhou 311200, China"},{"name":"School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1039\/C4AY02648A","article-title":"Research on the detection of SF6 decomposition products based on non-resonant photoacoustic spectroscopy","volume":"7","author":"Luo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anal. 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