{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:41:48Z","timestamp":1760146908087,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Foxtrot Committee, Leicester Hospitals Charity","award":["APP8407","IS-BRC-1215-20010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP8407","IS-BRC-1215-20010"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020013","name":"NIHR Leicester BRC and the NIHR Applied Research Collaboration (ARC)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APP8407","IS-BRC-1215-20010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP8407","IS-BRC-1215-20010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020013","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Following shoulder surgery, controlled and protected mobilisation for an appropriate duration is crucial for appropriate recovery. However, methods for objective assessment of sling wear and use in everyday living are currently lacking. In this pilot study, we aim to determine if a sling-embedded triaxial accelerometer and\/or wrist-worn sensor can be used to quantify arm posture during sling wear and adherence to sling wear. Methods: Four participants were asked to wear a GENEActiv triaxial accelerometer on their non-dominant wrist for four hours in an office environment, and, for two of those hours, they also wore a sling in which an additional GENEActiv accelerometer was secured. During sling wear, they were asked to move their arm in the sling through a series of pre-specified arm postures. Results: We found that upper arm angle and posture type during sling wear can be predicted from a sling sensor alone (R2 = 0.79, p &lt; 0.001 and Cohen\u2019s kappa = 0.886, respectively). The addition of a wrist-worn sensor did not improve performance. The optimisation of an existing non-wear algorithm accurately detected adherence (99.3%). Conclusions: the remote monitoring of sling adherence and the quantification of immobilisation is practical and effective with digital health technology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s25010166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T07:34:19Z","timestamp":1735630459000},"page":"166","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Digital Health Technologies for Optimising Treatment and Rehabilitation Following Surgery: Device-Based Measurement of Sling Posture and Adherence"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3204-5866","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joss","family":"Langford","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ActivInsights Ltd., 6 Nene Road, Bicton Industrial Park, Kimbolton, Huntingdon PE28 0LF, UK"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Rd, Exeter EX4 4PY, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7742-7059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed","family":"Barakat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trauma & Orthopaedics Department, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Engy","family":"Daghash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trauma & Orthopaedics Department, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harvinder","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trauma & Orthopaedics Department, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK"},{"name":"School of Healthcare, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1463-697X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alex V.","family":"Rowlands","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assessment of Movement Behaviours (AMBer), Leicester Lifestyle and Health Research Group, Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK"},{"name":"National Institute for Health Research, Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK"},{"name":"Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-018-9462-7","article-title":"Rotator cuff repair: Post-operative rehabilitation concepts","volume":"11","author":"Sgroi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. 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