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The vagus nerve is central to socioemotional processing and physiological well-being, with its activation represented as vagally mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV). We examine how participants\u2019 social connectedness to virtual partners relates to their experience of socioemotional competences and psychophysiological states while observing streamed gameplay. In this experimental study with 48 participants, we compared self-reported empathy, empathic concern, and continuously measured vmHRV (from a PPG sensor) during different types of gameplay. The results revealed that viewers who felt greater social connectedness to remote partners also felt more empathic concern (quantitative detail) and had significantly heightened vmHRV (quant detail) across all conditions compared to those who felt lower connectedness. These findings reveal that stronger feelings of connectedness to remote partners are associated with enhanced socioemotional competences and physiological well-being. This research highlights the intertwined nature of social connectedness, empathy, and physiological health, providing valuable insights for designing virtual platforms that foster deeper interpersonal connections and promote well-being.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s25030872","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]],"date-time":"2025-01-31T09:16:26Z","timestamp":1738314986000},"page":"872","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Streaming to Connect: Exploring How Social Connectedness Relates to Empathy Types and Physiological States in Remote Virtual Audiences"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3254-4056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1971-2118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jitesh","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5695-0759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youngjun","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1177\/1088868310377395","article-title":"Changes in dispositional empathy in American college students over time: A meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Konrath","year":"2011","journal-title":"Personal. 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