{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T16:31:54Z","timestamp":1775579514551,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]],"date-time":"2025-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738281600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key Research and Development Program of Jilin Province","award":["20220203195SF"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20220203195SF"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Program of Jilin Province","award":["2023229"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023229"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Program of Jilin Province","award":["23JG06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23JG06"]}]},{"name":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS","award":["20220203195SF"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20220203195SF"]}]},{"name":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS","award":["2023229"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023229"]}]},{"name":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS","award":["23JG06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23JG06"]}]},{"name":"Open bidding for selecting the best candidates of ChangChun City","award":["20220203195SF"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20220203195SF"]}]},{"name":"Open bidding for selecting the best candidates of ChangChun City","award":["2023229"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023229"]}]},{"name":"Open bidding for selecting the best candidates of ChangChun City","award":["23JG06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23JG06"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To facilitate the effective assessment of respiratory entropy during poultry breeding, a novel oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) sensor was developed based on the off\u2212axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy technique, featuring effective absorption optical paths of 15.5 m and 8.5 m, respectively. The sensor employs integrated environmental control technology, substantially enhancing detection precision. To improve the instrument\u2019s response speed, the miniaturization of the cavity and structural optimization were implemented, achieving a rapid response time of merely 6.22 s, addressing the stringent requirements for quick responsiveness in poultry respiration thermometry research. A signal processing model tailored for on\u2212site applications was designed, boosting the system\u2019s signal\u2212to\u2212noise ratio by 4.7 times under complex environmental noise conditions. Utilizing Allan variance analysis, the sensor\u2019s detection limits for O2 and CO2 were ascertained to be 2.9 ppm and 7.4 ppb, respectively. A 24\u2212h field application test conducted in Gongzhuling demonstrated that the sensor\u2019s results align with the respiratory characteristics of poultry under normal physiological conditions, validating its extensive potential for application in respiratory analysis, environmental monitoring, and industrial sectors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s25030886","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T05:24:06Z","timestamp":1738646646000},"page":"886","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["OA\u2212ICOS\u2212Based Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Sensors for Field Applications in Gas Reflux Chicken Coops"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Weijia","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Acafemy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guanyu","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Acafemy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Acafemy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jifeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Acafemy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yulai","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Acafemy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Depu","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Acafemy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaogang","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling 136199, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhibin","family":"Ban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling 136199, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5746","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pez362","article-title":"Energy efficiency and net energy prediction of feed in laying hens","volume":"98","author":"Barzegar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Poult. 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