{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T15:17:38Z","timestamp":1788621458606,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":124,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]],"date-time":"2025-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739923200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institutes of Aging funded Midwest Roybal Center"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>One emerging method in home stroke rehabilitation is digital technology. However, existing approaches typically target one domain (e.g., upper limb). Moreover, existing interventions do not cater to older adults with stroke (OAwS), especially those with high motor impairment, who require adjunct therapeutic agents to independently perform challenging exercises. We examined the feasibility of Smartphone-based Exercise Training after Stroke (SETS) with Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES). A total of 12 participants (67 \u00b1 5 years) with stroke (onset &gt; 6 months) exhibiting moderate-to-high motor impairment (Chedoke McMaster Leg \u2264 4\/7) underwent 6 weeks of multicomponent (gait, functional strength, dynamic balance) training integrated with FES to paretic lower limb muscles. Primary measures included safety and adherence. Secondary measures included motivation, acceptability and attitude, usability, and clinical measures of gait and balance function like the 10-Meter Walk Test and Mini-BESTest. Participants reported no adverse events and moderate-to-high adherence (84.17 \u00b1 11.24%) and improvement (up to 40%) in motivation, acceptability, and attitude and system usability. Participants also showed pre-post improvements in all measures of gait and balance function (p &lt; 0.05). Integrating SETS and FES is feasible and yields short-term gains in gait and balance function among OAwS. Future studies could validate our findings by examining its efficacy with control groups to identify the differential effects of SETS and FES.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s25041254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]],"date-time":"2025-02-19T03:29:53Z","timestamp":1739935793000},"page":"1254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Feasibility of Smartphone-Based Exercise Training Integrated with Functional Electrical Stimulation After Stroke (SETS): A Preliminary Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Rudri","family":"Purohit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA"},{"name":"PhD Program in Rehabilitation Sciences and Neuroscience, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1866-5022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Pablo","family":"Appelgren-Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Unit, Trainfes Center, Santiago 8760903, Chile"},{"name":"Biomedical Imaging Center, Pontifical Catholic University, Santiago 7820436, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4621-056X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gonzalo","family":"Varas-Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carrera de Kinesiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuaijie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matias","family":"Hosiasson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Unit, Trainfes Center, Santiago 8760903, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5228-5763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felipe","family":"Covarrubias-Escudero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Unit, Trainfes Center, Santiago 8760903, Chile"},{"name":"Departamento de Kinesiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Arte y Educaci\u00f3n F\u00edsica, Universidad Metropolitana Ciencias de la Educaci\u00f3n, Santiago 7760197, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6417-1018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tanvi","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e67","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000558","article-title":"Heart disease and stroke statistics\u20142018 update: A report from the American Heart Association","volume":"137","author":"Benjamin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00252-0","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990\u20132019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"20","author":"Collaborators","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.308413","article-title":"Global burden of stroke","volume":"120","author":"Feigin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ. 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