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In this study, we constructed directed brain networks based on clinical MEG data using the Granger Causality Analysis (GCA) method, aiming to provide new insights into the network mechanisms of TLE. MEG data from 13 lTLE and 21 rTLE patients and 14 healthy controls (HCs) were analyzed. The preprocessed MEG data were used to construct directed brain networks using the GCA method and undirected brain networks using the Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC) method. Graph theoretical analysis extracted global and local topologies from the binary matrix, and SVM classified topologies with significant differences (p &lt; 0.05). Comparative studies were performed on connectivity strengths, graph theory metrics, and SVM classifications between GCA and PCC, with an additional analysis of GCA-weighted network connectivity. The results show that TLE patients showed significantly increased functional connectivity based on GCA compared to the control group; similarities of the hub brain regions between lTLE and rTLE patients and the cortical\u2013limbic\u2013thalamic\u2013cortical loop were identified; TLE patients exhibited a significant increase in GCA-based Global Clustering Coefficient (GCC) and Global Local Efficiency (GLE); most brain regions with abnormal local topological properties in TLE patients overlapped with their hub regions. The directionality of brain connectivity has played a significantly more pivotal role in research on TLE. GCA may be a potential tool in MEG analysis to distinguish TLE patients and HC effectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s25051356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T05:36:47Z","timestamp":1740375407000},"page":"1356","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Altered Directed-Connectivity Network in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: A MEG Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4425-7336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenhan","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Tiantan Hospital, Beijing 100070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1433-8520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yutong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangfei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunlan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2362-4694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ting","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Faber, J., Antoneli, P.C., Ara\u00fajo, N.S., Pinheiro, D.J., and Cavalheiro, E. 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