{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:08:59Z","timestamp":1760058539384,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]],"date-time":"2025-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Running-related injuries are often associated with biomechanical inefficiencies, particularly in the sagittal and frontal planes. This study evaluates the effects of three interventions\u2014reduced heel-to-toe drop (HTD) shoes, increased cadence, and inversion foot orthoses\u2014on key kinematic parameters: ankle dorsiflexion, knee flexion, and hip adduction (measured at foot strike and at their respective peak joint angles during the stance phase). Methods: Nineteen recreational runners (ten males and nine females; mean \u00b1 SD: age 26.4 \u00b1 4.3 years; height 174.2 \u00b1 7.8 cm; weight 68.3 \u00b1 9.6 kg; BMI 22.5 \u00b1 2.1 kg\/m2) participated in a 3D motion capture study under five experimental conditions: baseline (10 mm HTD, no cadence adjustment, no foot orthoses), full intervention (5 mm HTD, +10% cadence, orthoses), and three partial interventions: HTD combined with orthoses, HTD combined with increased cadence, and cadence increase alone. Kinematic changes were analyzed for statistical significance. Results: The full intervention significantly increased ankle dorsiflexion at foot strike (from 8.11\u00b0 to 10.44\u00b0; p = 0.005) and reduced peak knee flexion (from 45.43\u00b0 to 43.07\u00b0; p = 0.003). Cadence adjustments consistently produced improvements, while orthoses and HTD alone showed effects on ankle flexion only. Conclusions: Combining structural (HTD and orthoses) and dynamic (cadence) modifications optimizes running biomechanics, providing evidence-based strategies for injury prevention and performance enhancement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s25082414","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]],"date-time":"2025-04-11T03:45:23Z","timestamp":1744343123000},"page":"2414","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Biomechanical Strategies to Improve Running: Cadence, Footwear, and Orthoses\u2014A Quasi-Experimental Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Yves","family":"Lescure","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Podologie, l\u2019Ecole Rockefeller, 69008 Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marie Adelaide","family":"Nicolas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Podologie, l\u2019Ecole Rockefeller, 69008 Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleonore","family":"Perrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Podologie, l\u2019Ecole Rockefeller, 69008 Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9779-5599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrique","family":"Sanchis-Sales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Enfermer\u00eda y Podolog\u00eda, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8778-5837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Lopezosa-Reca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2898-9383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corentin","family":"Travouillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TRINOMA Co., 48800 Villefort, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4558-3548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Gijon-Nogueron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.04.058","article-title":"Leisure-time running reduces all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk","volume":"64","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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