{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T18:51:01Z","timestamp":1789671061805,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747958400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009389","name":"Italian Ministry of Health\u2014Ricerca Corrente and the Promobilia Foundation (Sweden)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16066"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009389","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents a wearable, open-source system that combines electromyography (EMG) and functional electrical stimulation (FES) to restore hand function in individuals with disabilities caused by cervical spinal cord injuries or stroke. The device captures electrical signals produced during volitional muscle contractions and analyzes them to interpret the user\u2019s intent to move. This information is then used to stimulate impaired muscles, promoting improved hand function and rehabilitation. We detail the design, prototyping, and testing of the system, emphasizing its modularity, affordability, and accessibility. Hardware and software, along with 3D-printable components, are shared via GitHub to enable replication and customization by professionals and makers. The system serves as both an orthotic device for enhancing grasping ability and a therapeutic tool for rehabilitating hemiparetic hands, with potential for broader applications. By addressing cost, customization, and accessibility barriers, this initiative promotes collaboration and further innovation in rehabilitation technologies, advancing the development of affordable, user-centered solutions for individuals with disabilities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s25113282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T06:35:09Z","timestamp":1747982109000},"page":"3282","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Wearable Open-Source Neuroprosthesis\/Neuro-Orthosis for Restoring Hand Function"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1990-8839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rune","family":"Thorsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, Via Capecelatro 66, 20148 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7797-2399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"Ferrarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, Via Capecelatro 66, 20148 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2004.21.1371","article-title":"Targeting Recovery: Priorities of the Spinal Cord-Injured Population","volume":"21","author":"Anderson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. 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