{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T13:53:40Z","timestamp":1791899620794,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Apple Inc."},{"name":"Open Access Publication Fund of UKE\u2014Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>During the in-hospital optimization of dopaminergic dosage for Parkinson\u2019s disease, drug-induced dyskinesias emerge as a common side effect. Wrist-worn devices present a substantial opportunity for continuous movement recording and the supportive identification of these dyskinesias. To bridge the gap between dyskinesia assessment and machine learning-enabled detection, the recorded information requires meaningful data representations. This study evaluates and compares two distinct representations of sensor data: a task-dependent, semantically grounded approach and automatically extracted large-scale time-series features. Each representation was assessed on public datasets to identify the best-performing machine learning model and subsequently applied to our own collected dataset to assess generalizability. Data representations incorporating semantic knowledge demonstrated comparable or superior performance to reported works, with peak F1 scores of 0.68. Generalization to our own dataset from clinical practice resulted in an observed F1 score of 0.53 using both setups. These results highlight the potential of semantic movement data analysis for dyskinesia detection. Dimensionality reduction in accelerometer-based movement data positively impacts performance, and models trained with semantically obtained features avoid overfitting. Expanding cohorts with standardized neurological assessments labeled by medical experts is essential for further improvements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s25144514","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T10:35:31Z","timestamp":1753094131000},"page":"4514","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Opportunities and Limitations of Wrist-Worn Devices for Dyskinesia Detection in Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1987-9427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander Johannes","family":"Wiederhold","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Applied Medical Informatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistra\u00dfe 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi Rui","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Applied Medical Informatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistra\u00dfe 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4220-5331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00f6ren","family":"Spiegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Applied Medical Informatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistra\u00dfe 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3301-0059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrin","family":"Dadkhah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Pharmacy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistra\u00dfe 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistra\u00dfe 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7680-2147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monika","family":"P\u00f6tter-Nerger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistra\u00dfe 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1249-4223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Langebrake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Pharmacy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistra\u00dfe 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"\u00dcckert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Applied Medical Informatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistra\u00dfe 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9301-8872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher","family":"Gundler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Applied Medical Informatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistra\u00dfe 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20640","article-title":"Unified Parkinson\u2019s disease rating scale motor examination: Are ratings of nurses, residents in neurology, and movement disorders specialists interchangeable?","volume":"20","author":"Post","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mov. 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