{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:35:49Z","timestamp":1760060149208,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754265600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ludong University Talent Project","award":["20220024","8252019","U24A20277"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20220024","8252019","U24A20277"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","award":["20220024","8252019","U24A20277"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20220024","8252019","U24A20277"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["20220024","8252019","U24A20277"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20220024","8252019","U24A20277"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To address the substantial disparities in operational characteristics between social vehicles and dedicated bus lanes, as well as the sub-optimal coordination control effects, a comprehensive approach is proposed. This approach integrates social vehicle arterial coordination with bus priority control in dedicated bus lanes. Initially, an analysis of the differences in travel time distribution on both types of roads is conducted. The likelihood of buses passing through upstream and downstream intersections without stopping is also assessed. This analysis aids in determining the correlated traffic states and the corresponding signal adjustment strategies for arterial coordination. Subsequently, an incentive mechanism is established by quantitatively analyzing vehicle delay losses and bus priority benefits based on the signal adjustment strategy. Finally, a deep reinforcement learning framework is proposed to solve, in real-time, the optimal signal adjustment strategy. Simulation experiments indicate that, in comparison to the arterial coordination of social vehicles and dedicated bus arterial coordination control, this method significantly reduces the average per capita delay by 38.63% and 27.43%, respectively, under conventional traffic flow scenarios. This is in contrast to the separate arterial coordination for social vehicles and dedicated bus lanes. Furthermore, it leads to a reduction of 52.17% in the number of bus stops at intersections when compared solely with the arterial coordination of social vehicles. In saturated traffic flow scenarios, this method achieves a reduction in average per capita delay by 29.7% and 9.6%, respectively, while also decreasing the number of bus stops at intersections by 39.5% and 8.7%, respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s25154802","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T07:49:58Z","timestamp":1754380198000},"page":"4802","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Priority Control of Intelligent Connected Dedicated Bus Corridor Based on Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5841-0035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chunlin","family":"Shang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Transportation, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2886-6968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fenghua","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6953-0670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yancai","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guiqing","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Safety and Emergency Management, Yantai Engineering & Technology College, Yantai 264006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Information, Purdue University West Lafayette, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2014.03.004","article-title":"Analytical formulation and empirical evaluation of pre-signals for bus priority","volume":"64","author":"Guler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transp. 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