{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T00:20:30Z","timestamp":1789863630207,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006407","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["242300420692"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["242300420692"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province","award":["252102210207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["252102210207"]}]},{"name":"Key Research Projects of Higher Education Institutions in Henan Province","award":["24A510010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24A510010"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Special Project of Henan Province","award":["251111320500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["251111320500"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic hepatitis B poses a serious threat to human health and life, and early diagnosis is essential to improving patient cure rates. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) are two key biomarkers for diagnosing chronic hepatitis B. In this study, we propose a silicon nanowire array field effect transistor (SiNW-array FET) biosensor that enables highly sensitive, real-time, and low-cost joint detection of both HBV and AFP. The SiNW-array FET is fabricated using traditional micro-nano fabrication techniques such as self-limiting oxidation and anisotropic etching, and its morphology and electrical properties were tested. The results show that the diameters of the fabricated silicon nanowires (SiNWs) are uniform and the SiNW-array FET exhibits a strong output signal and high signal-to-noise ratio. Through specific chemical modification on the surface of SiNWs, the SiNW-array FET is highly sensitive and specific to HBV-DNA fragments and AFP, with ultralow detection limits of 0.1 fM (HBV-DNA) and 0.1 fg\/mL (AFP). The detection curve of the SiNW-array FET exhibits good linearity within the HBV-DNA concentration range of 0.1 fM to 100 pM and AFP concentration range of 0.1 fg\/mL to 1000 pg\/mL. More importantly, the device could also detect HBV-DNA successfully in serum samples, laying a solid foundation for the highly sensitive clinical detection of chronic hepatitis B.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s25206385","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T10:28:36Z","timestamp":1760696916000},"page":"6385","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Highly Sensitive Silicon Nanowire Array Field Effect Transistor Biosensor for Detecting HBV-DNA and AFP"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Peng","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Technology, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingbin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongxin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Technology, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6896-328X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chaoran","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Smart Microsensors and Microsystems, College of Elecctronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01468-4","article-title":"Hepatitis B","volume":"401","author":"Jeng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.12.116","article-title":"Global epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection: New estimates of age-specific HBsAg seroprevalence and endemicity","volume":"30","author":"Ott","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(02)00315-8","article-title":"Global control of hepatitis B virus infection","volume":"2","author":"Kao","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. 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